It is well-known that abscisic acid (ABA) inhibits seed germination, but the mechanism is still unclear. In this study, after removing the seed coats, the seeds treated with 1 ppm ABA to inhibit embryo germination. A total of 715 compounds that were involved in 271 metabolic pathways were identified from a broadly targeted metabolome. Of these compounds, the number of flavonoids is most and accounting for 21%. Moreover, compared to the control embryos, over 80% of the differentially accumulated compounds (DACs) were down-regulated in the ABA-treated embryos, while only 46 compounds were up-regulated. These differentially accumulated compounds were involved in 26 metabolic pathways. Transcriptome analysis showed that 6348 genes were differentially expressed between ABA-treated and control embryos. These differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were enriched into 28 metabolic pathways including photosynthesis. Interestingly, both DEG and DAC analyses had identified the 10 common metabolic pathways, including oxidative phosphorylation, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, pyrimidine metabolism, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism, galactose metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, carbon metabolism, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, and valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation. Taken together, ABA represses the expression of the genes involved in photosynthesis and those 10 metabolic pathways to suppress the secondary metabolism of the embryos, resulting in the inhibition of embryo germination.

脱落酸（ABA）抑制种子萌发是众所周知的，但其机制尚不清楚。在本研究中，去除种皮后，用 1 ppm ABA 处理种子以抑制胚萌发。从广泛靶向的代谢组中鉴定出总共 715 种化合物，涉及 271 条代谢途径。这些化合物中，黄酮类的数量最多，占21%。此外，与对照胚胎相比，在 ABA 处理的胚胎中，超过 80% 的差异积累化合物 (DAC) 被下调，而只有 46 种化合物被上调。这些差异积累的化合物参与了 26 条代谢途径。转录组分析显示 6348 个基因在 ABA 处理和对照胚胎之间差异表达。这些差异表达基因 (DEG) 被富集到 28 条代谢途径中，包括光合作用。有趣的是，DEG 和 DAC 分析都确定了 10 种常见的代谢途径，包括氧化磷酸化、苯丙烷生物合成、黄酮类生物合成、嘧啶代谢、抗坏血酸和醛糖酸代谢、半乳糖代谢、糖酵解/糖异生、碳代谢、氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢，缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸降解。总之，ABA抑制了参与光合作用和这10条代谢途径的基因的表达，从而抑制了胚胎的次级代谢，从而抑制了胚胎的萌发。DEG 和 DAC 分析都确定了 10 种常见的代谢途径，包括氧化磷酸化、苯丙素生物合成、黄酮类生物合成、嘧啶代谢、抗坏血酸和醛糖酸代谢、半乳糖代谢、糖酵解/糖异生、碳代谢、氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢以及缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸降解。总之，ABA抑制了参与光合作用和这10条代谢途径的基因的表达，从而抑制了胚胎的次级代谢，从而抑制了胚胎的萌发。DEG 和 DAC 分析都确定了 10 种常见的代谢途径，包括氧化磷酸化、苯丙素生物合成、黄酮类生物合成、嘧啶代谢、抗坏血酸和醛糖酸代谢、半乳糖代谢、糖酵解/糖异生、碳代谢、氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢以及缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸降解。总之，ABA抑制了参与光合作用和这10条代谢途径的基因的表达，从而抑制了胚胎的次级代谢，从而抑制了胚胎的萌发。氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢，以及缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸降解。总之，ABA抑制了参与光合作用和这10条代谢途径的基因的表达，从而抑制了胚胎的次级代谢，从而抑制了胚胎的萌发。氨基糖和核苷酸糖代谢，以及缬氨酸、亮氨酸和异亮氨酸降解。总之，ABA抑制了参与光合作用和这10条代谢途径的基因的表达，从而抑制了胚胎的次级代谢，从而抑制了胚胎的萌发。