Climate-induced displacement is attracting increasing media, state, and scholarly attention, albeit often in a way that situates migration as either an example of climate adaptation or a failure thereof. Whether depicted as success or failure, both framings can invisibilize the preexisting socioenvironmental processes that render climate-induced migrations necessary—or, conversely, that can inhibit them entirely. Perspectives on displacement and environmental migration from within political ecology and human geography offer an alternative register, looking beyond unidirectional socioeconomic or environmental drivers to document how uneven development reproduces displacements relationally and historically. Drawing on these theorizations, as well as empirical research from agrarian Southeast Asia, this article develops the notion of cumulative socionatural displacements as one approach for conceptualizing socioecologically driven displacement in a world already on the move. We demonstrate this approach through an analysis of displacement in Southeast Asia that begins by tracing the evolving state, market, and agroecological relations that have made mobility integral to agrarian viability while setting the stage for more intense climate impacts. In doing so, we also center the long-term (nonclimatic) environmental changes that are often sidelined in both anthropocentric debates on rural displacements and climate doomsday scenarios. We argue that examining climate-induced migration as just one facet of cumulative socionatural displacements is necessary for overcoming the ontological and political impasses engendered by prevailing narratives that collapse climate migration into convenient but misleading binaries.

气候引起的流离失所正在吸引越来越多的媒体、国家和学术界的关注，尽管往往将移民视为气候适应的一个例子或失败的例子。无论被描述为成功还是失败，这两种框架都可以隐藏先前存在的社会环境过程，这些过程使得气候引起的迁移成为必要——或者相反，这可以完全抑制它们。从政治生态学和人文地理学角度对流离失所和环境迁移的观点提供了另一种视角，超越单向的社会经济或环境驱动因素，记录不平衡的发展如何在相关性和历史上再现流离失所。借鉴这些理论，以及来自东南亚农业的实证研究，本文提出了累积社会自然位移的概念，将其作为在一个已经在移动的世界中概念化社会生态驱动的位移的一种方法。我们通过对东南亚流离失所的分析来展示这种方法，首先追踪不断变化的国家、市场和农业生态关系，这些关系使流动性成为农业生存能力不可或缺的一部分，同时为更强烈的气候影响奠定了基础。在这样做的过程中，我们还关注长期（非气候）环境变化，这些变化在以人类为中心的关于农村流离失所和气候世界末日情景的辩论中经常被边缘化。