Inspired by the background adaptive mechanism of eagle vision in different hunting environment, a biological eagle-eye vision adaptation mechanism algorithm is proposed for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to detect the long-distance maritime small target in complex and changeable sea environment. First, the various environment adjustment abilities are summarized according to the physiological structures and characteristics of eagle vision. Second, the mathematical models of glaring adaptation, dim adaptation, color adaptation, and the background adaptation are established based on the background adaptation mechanisms of eagle vision. Last but not least, our proposed biological eagle-eye vision adaptation method and other five comparative experiments are implemented in different scenes, such as dazzling, cloudy, dusk, etc. The results of various evaluation indices show that the information of maritime small target is retained satisfactorily and the background of sea or sky is restrained effectively by the proposed algorithm. The maritime small target detection algorithm can be used for the vision system of UAV operating on the sea. It provides a feasible solution for UAV's remote vision autonomous navigation in changeable sea environment.

中文翻译：

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基于生物鹰眼视觉自适应机制的海上小目标无人机识别

受不同狩猎环境下鹰眼视觉背景自适应机制的启发，提出一种生物鹰眼视觉自适应机制算法，用于无人机在复杂多变的海洋环境中探测远距离海上小目标。首先，根据鹰视觉的生理结构和特点，总结出各种环境适应能力。其次，基于鹰视觉的背景适应机制，建立了眩光适应、暗淡适应、颜色适应和背景适应的数学模型。最后但并非最不重要的是，我们提出的生物鹰眼视觉适应方法和其他五个对比实验在不同的场景中进行，如刺眼、阴天、黄昏等。各项评价指标的结果表明，该算法较好地保留了海上小目标的信息，有效抑制了海天背景。海上小目标检测算法可用于无人机在海上作业的视觉系统。为无人机在多变海洋环境下的远程视觉自主导航提供了可行的解决方案。