Abstract:

Preservationists in the United States increasingly seek ways to serve minority communities who have been underserved by the profession. Because the existing preservation infrastructure emphasizes building fabric over historical experience, this system may not serve minority communities where less tangible aspects of heritage carry greater importance than historic building fabric. Vernacular architecture fieldwork methods have helped to broaden the interpretation of American history by tracking the physical traces of people who left little written record of their existence, including immigrants and enslaved people, and may offer one approach to exploring the character of more recent minority communities. To explore these possibilities, the University of Oregon historic preservation program has initiated a community-oriented fieldwork research project on the historic and present-day African American community in the Albina neighborhood in Portland, Oregon. This ongoing work is raising several issues about how preservationists can best use vernacular field methods to promote the histories of minority communities and perhaps strengthen community bonds. The Albina project is demonstrating that, to properly carry out fieldwork to preserve and interpret minority histories, vernacular architecture historians will need to expand their typical methods to reincorporate ethnographic methods from some of the fields from which vernacular architecture studies initially sprang, such as folklore and anthropology.

摘要：

美国的保护主义者越来越多地寻求方法来为该行业服务不足的少数族裔社区提供服务。由于现有的保护基础设施强调建筑结构而不是历史经验，因此该系统可能无法为少数民族社区服务，在这些社区中，遗产的无形方面比历史建筑结构更重要。乡土建筑实地考察方法通过追踪几乎没有留下书面记录的人的身体痕迹，包括移民和被奴役的人，有助于拓宽对美国历史的解释，并可能提供一种方法来探索最近的少数族裔社区的特征。为了探索这些可能性，俄勒冈大学历史保护计划启动了一项以社区为导向的实地调查项目，研究对象是俄勒冈州波特兰市 Albina 社区的历史和现代非裔美国人社区。这项正在进行的工作提出了几个问题，即保护主义者如何最好地使用乡土方法来促进少数民族社区的历史，并可能加强社区联系。Albina 项目表明，为了正确地开展田野工作以保护和解释少数民族历史，乡土建筑史学家需要扩展他们的典型方法，以重新纳入乡土建筑研究最初起源的一些领域的民族志方法，例如民俗学和人类学。