Additive engineering is one of the most effective techniques for optimizing the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the previous research mainly focused on adopting this strategy to a single layer of the PSCs. In this work, a double-layer synergistic optimization approach is employed by simultaneously introducing functional black phosphorus quantum dots (BPQDs) into the electron transport layer (ETL) and perovskite layer. The BPQDs with superior conductivity is doped into SnO₂ ETL to effectively fill the electron traps and enhance electron mobility of SnO₂. Meanwhile, the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified BPQDs (BPQDs@APTES) is introduced into the perovskite bulk to moderately tailor its intrinsic characteristics, and this synchronously facilitates the perovskite nucleation and growth, passivates defects and improves moisture-resistance of perovskite film. Taking advantage of the synergistic effects, efficient PSCs with power conversion efficiency of 22.85% with ultrahigh open-circuit voltage (V_OC) of 1.22 V is demonstrated, this V_OC value ranks in the highest values of perovskite film with a bandgap of ~ 1.60 eV. Additionally, the non-encapsulated BPQDs modified PSCs show better long time and humidity stability.

增材工程是优化钙钛矿太阳能电池 (PSC) 性能的最有效技术之一。然而，之前的研究主要集中在将这种策略应用于单层 PSC。在这项工作中，通过同时将功能性黑磷量子点 (BPQD) 引入电子传输层 (ETL) 和钙钛矿层，采用了双层协同优化方法。将具有优异导电性的 BPQDs 掺杂到 SnO ₂ ETL 中以有效填充电子陷阱并增强 SnO _{2 的}电子迁移率. 同时，将 3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷改性的 BPQDs（BPQDs@APTES）引入钙钛矿体中以适度调整其固有特性，这同时促进钙钛矿成核和生长，钝化缺陷并提高钙钛矿薄膜的耐湿性。利用协同效应，证明了具有 22.85% 功率转换效率和1.22 V超高开路电压 ( V _OC ) 的高效 PSC ，该V _OC值在钙钛矿薄膜中排名最高，带隙约为 1.60 EV。此外，未封装的 BPQD 改性 PSC 显示出更好的长时间和湿度稳定性。