In the ultrasonic dispersion process, the ultrasonic cavitation effect can seriously affect the dispersion efficiency of magnetorheological polishing fluid (MRPF), but the mechanism remains unclear now. Through considering the continuity equation and Vand viscosity equation of the suspension, a revised cavitation bubble dynamic model in the MRPF was developed and calculated. The effects of presence or absence of solid particles, the volume fraction of solid particles, and viscosity on the cavitation bubble motion characteristics in the MRPF were discussed. Settlement experiments of the MRPF under ultrasonic and mechanical dispersion were observed. Analysis of particle dispersion is made by trinocular biomicroscope and image processing of the microscopic morphology of the MRPF. The results show that the high volume fraction of carbonyl iron particle (CIP) will significantly weaken the cavitation effect, and the low volume fraction of green silicon carbide (GSC) has a negligible effect on the cavitation effect in the MRPF. When the liquid viscosity is greater than or equal to 0.1 Pa·s, it is inconvenient to produce micro-jets in the MRPF. The sedimentation rate of the MRPF prepared by ultrasonic dispersion is lower than mechanical dispersion when the volume fraction of CIP is between 1% and 25%. The dispersion ratio under ultrasonic dispersion is lower than that under mechanical dispersion. The experimental results fit the simulation well. It offers a theoretical basis for exploring the ultrasonic cavitation effect in the industrial application of the MRPF.

在超声分散过程中，超声空化效应会严重影响磁流变抛光液（MRPF）的分散效率，但其机理目前尚不清楚。通过考虑悬浮液的连续性方程和Vand粘度方程，建立并计算了改进后的MRPF空化气泡动力学模型。讨论了固体颗粒的存在与否、固体颗粒的体积分数和粘度对MRPF中空化气泡运动特性的影响。观察了MRPF在超声和机械分散作用下的沉降实验。颗粒分散分析是通过三目生物显微镜和 MRPF 微观形态的图像处理进行的。结果表明，高体积分数的羰基铁颗粒（CIP）会显着削弱空化效应，而低体积分数的绿碳化硅（GSC）对MRPF中的空化效应影响可以忽略不计。当液体粘度大于等于0.1Pa·s时，MRPF不便产生微射流。当CIP的体积分数在1%～25%之间时，超声分散制备的MRPF的沉降率低于机械分散。超声分散下的分散率低于机械分散下的分散率。实验结果与模拟吻合较好。为探索超声空化效应在MRPF工业应用中的应用提供了理论依据。绿色碳化硅 (GSC) 的低体积分数对 MRPF 中的空化效应的影响可以忽略不计。当液体粘度大于等于0.1Pa·s时，MRPF不便产生微射流。当CIP的体积分数在1%～25%之间时，超声分散制备的MRPF的沉降率低于机械分散。超声分散下的分散率低于机械分散下的分散率。实验结果与模拟吻合较好。为探索超声空化效应在MRPF工业应用中的应用提供了理论依据。绿色碳化硅 (GSC) 的低体积分数对 MRPF 中的空化效应的影响可以忽略不计。当液体粘度大于等于0.1Pa·s时，MRPF不便产生微射流。当CIP的体积分数在1%～25%之间时，超声分散制备的MRPF的沉降率低于机械分散。超声分散下的分散率低于机械分散下的分散率。实验结果与模拟吻合较好。为探索超声空化效应在MRPF工业应用中的应用提供了理论依据。在MRPF中产生微射流是不方便的。当CIP的体积分数在1%～25%之间时，超声分散制备的MRPF的沉降率低于机械分散。超声分散下的分散率低于机械分散下的分散率。实验结果与模拟吻合较好。为探索超声空化效应在MRPF工业应用中的应用提供了理论依据。在MRPF中产生微射流是不方便的。当CIP的体积分数在1%～25%之间时，超声分散制备的MRPF的沉降率低于机械分散。超声分散下的分散率低于机械分散下的分散率。实验结果与模拟吻合较好。为探索超声空化效应在MRPF工业应用中的应用提供了理论依据。