The concept of tipping points and critical transitions helps inform our understanding of the catastrophic effects that global change may have on ecosystems, Earth system components, and the whole Earth system. The search for early warning indicators is ongoing, and spatial self-organization has been interpreted as one such signal. Here, we review how spatial self-organization can aid complex systems to evade tipping points and can therefore be a signal of resilience instead. Evading tipping points through various pathways of spatial pattern formation may be relevant for many ecosystems and Earth system components that hitherto have been identified as tipping prone, including for the entire Earth system. We propose a systematic analysis that may reveal the broad range of conditions under which tipping is evaded and resilience emerges.

中文翻译：

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通过空间模式形成在复杂系统中规避小费

临界点和关键转变的概念有助于我们了解全球变化可能对生态系统、地球系统组成部分和整个地球系统产生的灾难性影响。对早期预警指标的研究正在进行中，空间自组织被解释为此类信号之一。在这里，我们回顾了空间自组织如何帮助复杂系统避开临界点，因此可以成为弹性的信号。通过空间模式形成的各种路径避开临界点可能与许多生态系统和地球系统组件相关，这些组件迄今已被确定为易倾倒，包括整个地球系统。我们提出了一项系统分析，该分析可能揭示逃避小费和出现弹性的广泛条件。