Achieving ambient-processed and stable all-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells with high conversion efficiencies is a well-established goal within the halide perovskite research community. In striving for this, electron transporting layers based on common TiO₂ and SnO₂ nanoparticles have been widely deployed, however, can stifle device performance due to their requirement for high temperature processing and non-uniform layer deposition. Using a low-temperature processed Cs-doped ZnO nanocrystalline electron transport layer and a narrow-bandgap (~1.70 eV) all-inorganic absorber (Cd-doped CsPbI_2.5Br_0.5), we report ambient-processed solar cells which exhibit high conversion efficiencies (>19.75%) and stable performance under ambient condition (>300 h). A smooth interface is established by combining spray-deposition of the electron transport layer and injection of hot-air during the perovskite deposition, which crystallizes smooth, compact perovskite thin films directly from solution. The high performance is attributed to preserving a solar-friendly and phase-stable perovskite layer, along with improved charge carrier management.

以高转换效率实现常温处理和稳定的全无机卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池是卤化物钙钛矿研究界的一个既定目标。为此，基于常见的 TiO ₂和 SnO ₂纳米粒子的电子传输层已被广泛部署，然而，由于它们对高温处理和非均匀层沉积的要求，可能会抑制器件性能。使用低温加工的 Cs 掺杂 ZnO 纳米晶电子传输层和窄带隙 (~1.70  eV) 全无机吸收剂（Cd 掺杂 CsPbI _2.5 Br _0.5)，我们报告了在环境条件下 (>300 小时)表现出高转换效率 (>19.75%) 和稳定性能的环境处理太阳能电池。在钙钛矿沉积过程中，通过将电子传输层的喷射沉积和热空气注入相结合，可以建立光滑的界面，直接从溶液中结晶出光滑、致密的钙钛矿薄膜。高性能归因于保留了太阳能友好且相稳定的钙钛矿层，以及改进的电荷载流子管理。