Dry eye disease (DED) is a commonly encountered ophthalmic condition that is recognized to have significant effects on visual function, work productivity, and quality of life.¹ In recent years, the highly heterogenous nature of the condition has become increasingly acknowledged, with the disease pathophysiology understood to involve the complex interaction of tear film homeostatic disturbances, ocular surface inflammation, and somatosensory pathways.^1-3 Moreover, growing evidence of the poor levels of correlation between different markers of clinical DED signs and symptoms has been noted,^2,4 which present a considerable diagnostic challenge and might partially contribute to the significant variation in current management patterns worldwide.^1,5 In this context, the global consensus reports of the Tear Film and Ocular Surface Society Dry Eye Workshop II (TFOS DEWS II) recognized the importance of identifying prognostic factors for the therapeutic response of DED treatments to inform and optimize tailored management plans for individual patients,¹ although scientific evidence in this area is limited.

干眼病 (DED) 是一种常见的眼科疾病，被认为对视觉功能、工作效率和生活质量有显着影响。¹近年来，该病症的高度异质性越来越得到认可，该疾病的病理生理学被认为涉及泪膜稳态紊乱、眼表炎症和体感通路的复杂相互作用。^{1 -3}此外，越来越多的证据表明临床 DED 体征和症状的不同标志物之间的相关性较差^，2,4这提出了相当大的诊断挑战，并且可能部分导致全球当前管理模式的显着变化。^{1 ,5}在这种情况下，泪膜和眼表学会干眼症研讨会 II (TFOS DEWS II) 的全球共识报告认识到确定 DED 治疗反应的预后因素的重要性，以告知和优化量身定制的管理计划个别患者，¹尽管这方面的科学证据有限。