A current shift in intergroup relations research aims to delve deeper into whether, and how, individual differences predict social attitudes. Recent research goes beyond the measurement of typical personality traits and focuses also on the subclinical area of malicious traits. The present studies aimed at exploring the role of one such trait, psychopathy, as a predictor of negative social attitudes. The role of empathy was examined as a key underlying process explaining the relationship between primary and secondary psychopathy and social attitudes. Study 1 (N = 171) and Study 2 (N = 332) demonstrated that when entered as simultaneous predictors of negative attitudes toward immigrants (Study 1) and racism (Study 2), only primary psychopathy emerged as a significant predictor. Study 1 further demonstrated that lower levels of empathy mediated the psychopathy—attitudes path. Study 2 decomposed empathy into cognitive and affective, and tested the explanatory role of social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). Primary psychopathy predicted lower cognitive and affective empathy, which sequentially predicted racism via SDO (in the case of cognitive empathy) and RWA (in the case of affective empathy). The results are discussed in the context of an integration between the personality and intergroup relations literature.

中文翻译：

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精神病和偏见：同理心、社会支配取向和右翼威权主义的中介作用

群体间关系研究的当前转变旨在更深入地研究个体差异是否以及如何预测社会态度。最近的研究超出了对典型人格特征的测量，还侧重于恶意特征的亚临床领域。目前的研究旨在探索一种这样的特质，即精神病态，作为消极社会态度的预测指标的作用。同理心的作用被认为是解释原发性和继发性精神病与社会态度之间关系的关键潜在过程。研究 1 ( N  = 171) 和研究 2 ( N = 332) 表明，当作为对移民的消极态度（研究 1）和种族主义（研究 2）的同时预测因素输入时，只有原发性精神病作为重要的预测因素出现。研究 1 进一步表明，较低水平的同理心介导了心理变态——态度路径。研究2将共情分解为认知性和情感性，并检验了社会支配取向（SDO）和右翼威权主义（RWA）的解释作用。原发性精神病预测较低的认知和情感同理心，通过 SDO（在认知同理心的情况下）和 RWA（在情感同理心的情况下）依次预测种族主义。结果在人格和群体间关系文献之间的整合背景下进行了讨论。