ABSTRACT

We spontaneously orient our attention towards people whose gaze we have led (the “gaze leading” effect). Here, we investigated whether this orienting effect is sensitive to the social and emotional content of the stimuli within the interactions. Experiment 1 replicated the gaze leading effect but found no reliable influence of facial dominance or object valence. Experiment 2, where only object valence was manipulated, replicated Experiment 1. Thus, the gaze leading effect appears reliable but insensitive to the properties of the shared referent object. Experiment 3 varied only facial dominance; a marginally significant interaction indicated that attention was deployed towards high-dominant faces more than low-dominant gaze followers. Experiment 4 varied the social information relating to the social status that participants hold regarding the faces with which they interacted, but statistical support for an influence of biographical information on gaze leading was weak. Overall, the gaze leading effect appears generally reliable, and may vary when information about the individuals following our gaze is manipulated, though it is not yet fully clear which socio-evaluative features are most relevant. Future investigations may therefore require more powerful or sensitive designs to better evaluate the role of socioemotional factors and processes on this social orienting effect.

摘要

我们会自发地把注意力转向那些被我们引导过的人（“凝视引导”效应）。在这里，我们调查了这种定向效应是否对交互中刺激的社会和情感内容敏感。实验 1 复制了凝视引导效应，但没有发现面部优势或物体效价的可靠影响。实验 2，其中仅对对象效价进行了操作，复制了实验 1。因此，凝视引导效应似乎可靠，但对共享参照对象的属性不敏感。实验 3 仅改变面部优势；一个略微显着的交互表明，与低主导注视追随者相比，注意力更多地集中在高主导面孔上。实验 4 改变了与参与者所持有的与他们互动的面孔有关的社会地位有关的社会信息，但对传记信息对凝视引导的影响的统计支持很弱。总体而言，凝视引导效应似乎总体上是可靠的，并且当关于跟随我们凝视的个人的信息被操纵时可能会有所不同，尽管尚不完全清楚哪些社会评价特征最相关。因此，未来的调查可能需要更强大或更敏感的设计，以更好地评估社会情感因素和过程对这种社会导向效应的作用。当我们关注的个人信息被操纵时，可能会有所不同，尽管目前尚不完全清楚哪些社会评价特征最相关。因此，未来的调查可能需要更强大或更敏感的设计，以更好地评估社会情感因素和过程对这种社会导向效应的作用。当我们关注的个人信息被操纵时，可能会有所不同，尽管目前尚不完全清楚哪些社会评价特征最相关。因此，未来的调查可能需要更强大或更敏感的设计，以更好地评估社会情感因素和过程对这种社会导向效应的作用。