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Patterns of Prevalence of Multiple Sensory Impairments Among Community-dwelling Older Adults
The Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences ( IF 5.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-06 , DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab294
Nicole M Armstrong 1, 2 , Hang Wang 3 , Jian-Yu E 3, 4 , Frank R Lin 3, 5 , Alison G Abraham 3, 4 , Pradeep Ramulu 4 , Susan M Resnick 2 , Qu Tian 2 , Eleanor Simonsick 2 , Alden L Gross 3 , Jennifer A Schrack 3 , Luigi Ferrucci 2 , Yuri Agrawal 5
Affiliation  

Background Much is known about individual sensory deficits among older adults, but there is a dearth of information about the prevalence of multiple concurrent sensory deficits in this population. Methods We evaluated the prevalence of individual and multiple sensory impairments at the most recent clinic visit among participants aged 24 years and older in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) (hearing, vision, olfaction, proprioception, and vestibular function) and Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study (ARIC) (hearing, vision, olfaction). We compared observed prevalence of multiple sensory impairments with expected prevalence based on compounded probabilities of multiple impairments using Fisher Exact Tests. Also, we evaluated the comparability of different measures used between these two studies. Results In both studies, the prevalence of each individual sensory impairment was common (>10%), and higher with older age, and the most common pattern of co-occurring sensory impairments was hearing and visual impairments (17.4% [BLSA]; 50.2% [ARIC]). In BLSA, the pattern that differed the most between observed and expected prevalence was combined hearing, vision, and olfactory impairments (observed 5.2% vs 1.4% expected, p = .01). In ARIC, this difference was much smaller (observed 8.1% vs 7.2% expected, p = .49). Conclusions Although concurrent hearing and vision impairments were the most common co-occurring deficits, combined hearing, vision, and olfactory impairments are most likely to co-occur above chance, especially at older ages.

中文翻译:

居住在社区的老年人中多种感觉障碍的患病率模式

背景 关于老年人的个体感觉缺陷,人们了解很多,但缺乏关于该人群中多种并发感觉缺陷的患病率的信息。方法 我们评估了巴尔的摩老龄化纵向研究 (BLSA)(听力、视力、嗅觉、本体感觉和前庭功能)中 24 岁及以上参与者在最近一次门诊就诊时个体和多种感觉障碍的患病率以及动脉粥样硬化风险在社区研究(ARIC)(听力,视觉,嗅觉)。我们使用Fisher Exact Tests 将观察到的多种感觉障碍的患病率与基于多种障碍的复合概率的预期患病率进行了比较。此外,我们评估了这两项研究之间使用的不同措施的可比性。结果 在这两项研究中,每个个体感觉障碍的患病率很常见(>10%),并且随着年龄的增长而增加,同时发生的感觉障碍最常见的模式是听力和视觉障碍(17.4% [BLSA];50.2% [ARIC] )。在 BLSA 中,观察到的和预期的患病率之间差异最大的模式是听力、视力和嗅觉的综合障碍(观察到的 5.2% 对预期的 1.4%,p = .01)。在 ARIC 中,这种差异要小得多(观察到的 8.1% 对预期的 7.2%,p = .49)。结论 虽然并发的听力和视力障碍是最常见的同时发生的缺陷,但听力、视力和嗅觉的综合障碍最有可能同时发生,尤其是在老年人中。最常见的同时发生的感觉障碍模式是听力和视力障碍(17.4% [BLSA];50.2% [ARIC])。在 BLSA 中,观察到的和预期的患病率之间差异最大的模式是听力、视力和嗅觉的综合障碍(观察到的 5.2% 对预期的 1.4%,p = .01)。在 ARIC 中,这种差异要小得多(观察到的 8.1% 对预期的 7.2%,p = .49)。结论 虽然并发的听力和视力障碍是最常见的同时发生的缺陷,但听力、视力和嗅觉的综合障碍最有可能同时发生,尤其是在老年人中。最常见的同时发生的感觉障碍模式是听力和视力障碍(17.4% [BLSA];50.2% [ARIC])。在 BLSA 中,观察到的和预期的患病率之间差异最大的模式是听力、视力和嗅觉的综合障碍(观察到的 5.2% 对预期的 1.4%,p = .01)。在 ARIC 中,这种差异要小得多(观察到的 8.1% 对预期的 7.2%,p = .49)。结论 虽然并发的听力和视力障碍是最常见的同时发生的缺陷,但听力、视力和嗅觉的综合障碍最有可能同时发生,尤其是在老年人中。和嗅觉障碍(观察到 5.2% 对 1.4% 预期,p = .01)。在 ARIC 中,这种差异要小得多(观察到的 8.1% 对预期的 7.2%,p = .49)。结论 虽然并发的听力和视力障碍是最常见的同时发生的缺陷,但听力、视力和嗅觉的综合障碍最有可能同时发生,尤其是在老年人中。和嗅觉障碍(观察到 5.2% 对 1.4% 预期,p = .01)。在 ARIC 中,这种差异要小得多(观察到的 8.1% 对预期的 7.2%,p = .49)。结论 虽然并发的听力和视力障碍是最常见的同时发生的缺陷,但听力、视力和嗅觉的综合障碍最有可能同时发生,尤其是在老年人中。
更新日期:2021-10-06
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