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Opportunities for Understanding MS Mechanisms and Progression With MRI Using Large-Scale Data Sharing and Artificial Intelligence
Neurology ( IF 9.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-11-23 , DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000012884
Hugo Vrenken 1 , Mark Jenkinson 1 , Dzung L Pham 1 , Charles R G Guttmann 1 , Deborah Pareto 1 , Michel Paardekooper 1 , Alexandra de Sitter 1 , Maria A Rocca 1 , Viktor Wottschel 1 , M Jorge Cardoso 1 , Frederik Barkhof 1 ,
Affiliation  

Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) have heterogeneous clinical presentations, symptoms, and progression over time, making MS difficult to assess and comprehend in vivo. The combination of large-scale data sharing and artificial intelligence creates new opportunities for monitoring and understanding MS using MRI. First, development of validated MS-specific image analysis methods can be boosted by verified reference, test, and benchmark imaging data. Using detailed expert annotations, artificial intelligence algorithms can be trained on such MS-specific data. Second, understanding disease processes could be greatly advanced through shared data of large MS cohorts with clinical, demographic, and treatment information. Relevant patterns in such data that may be imperceptible to a human observer could be detected through artificial intelligence techniques. This applies from image analysis (lesions, atrophy, or functional network changes) to large multidomain datasets (imaging, cognition, clinical disability, genetics). After reviewing data sharing and artificial intelligence, we highlight 3 areas that offer strong opportunities for making advances in the next few years: crowdsourcing, personal data protection, and organized analysis challenges. Difficulties as well as specific recommendations to overcome them are discussed, in order to best leverage data sharing and artificial intelligence to improve image analysis, imaging, and the understanding of MS.



中文翻译:

使用大规模数据共享和人工智能了解 MS 机制和 MRI 进展的机会

多发性硬化症 (MS) 患者具有不同的临床表现、症状和随时间的进展,使得 MS 难以在体内评估和理解。大规模数据共享和人工智能的结合为使用 MRI 监测和理解 MS 创造了新的机会。首先,经过验证的参考、测试和基准成像数据可以促进经过验证的 MS 特定图像分析方法的开发。使用详细的专家注释,可以在此类特定于 MS 的数据上训练人工智能算法。其次,通过共享具有临床、人口统计和治疗信息的大型 MS 队列的数据,可以极大地促进对疾病过程的理解。人类观察者可能无法察觉的此类数据中的相关模式可以通过人工智能技术检测到。这适用于从图像分析(病变、萎缩或功能网络变化)到大型多域数据集(成像、认知、临床残疾、遗传学)。在回顾了数据共享和人工智能之后,我们强调了 3 个领域,这些领域为未来几年的进步提供了巨大的机会:众包、个人数据保护和有组织的分析挑战。讨论了困难以及克服这些困难的具体建议,以最好地利用数据共享和人工智能来改进图像分析、成像和对 MS 的理解。或功能网络变化)到大型多域数据集(成像、认知、临床残疾、遗传学)。在回顾了数据共享和人工智能之后,我们强调了 3 个领域,这些领域为未来几年的进步提供了巨大的机会:众包、个人数据保护和有组织的分析挑战。讨论了困难以及克服这些困难的具体建议,以最好地利用数据共享和人工智能来改进图像分析、成像和对 MS 的理解。或功能网络变化)到大型多域数据集(成像、认知、临床残疾、遗传学)。在回顾了数据共享和人工智能之后,我们强调了 3 个领域,这些领域为未来几年的进步提供了巨大的机会:众包、个人数据保护和有组织的分析挑战。讨论了困难以及克服这些困难的具体建议,以最好地利用数据共享和人工智能来改进图像分析、成像和对 MS 的理解。

更新日期:2021-11-23
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