Aims A byproduct of left atrial (LA) strain analysis is the automated measurement of LA maximal volume (LAVmax), which may decrease the time of echocardiography reporting, and increase the reproducibility of the LAVmax measurement. However, the automated measurement of LAVmax by two-dimensional speckle-tracking analysis (2DSTE) has never been validated. Accordingly, we sought to (i) assess the feasibility of automated LAVmax measurement by 2DSTE; (ii) compare the automated LAVmax by 2DSTE with conventional two-dimensional (2DE) biplane and three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) measurements; and (iii) evaluate the accuracy and reproducibility of the three echocardiography techniques. Methods and results LAVmax (34–197 mL) were obtained from 198/210 (feasibility 94%) consecutive patients (median age 67 years, 126 men) by 2DSTE, 2DE, and 3DE. 2DE and 2DSTE measurements resulted in similar LAVmax values [bias = 1.5 mL, limits of agreement (LOA) ± 7.5 mL], and slightly underestimated 3DE LAVmax (biases = −5 mL, LOA ± 17 mL and −6 mL, LOA ± 16 mL, respectively). LAVmax by 2DSTE and 2DE were strongly correlated to those obtained by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) (r = 0.946 and r = 0.935, respectively; P < 0.001). However, LAVmax obtained by 2DSTE (bias = −9.5 mL, LOA ± 16 mL) and 2DE (bias = −8 mL, LOA ± 17 mL) were significantly smaller than those measured by CMR. Conversely, 3DE LAVmax were similar to CMR (bias = −2 mL, LOA ± 10 mL). Excellent intra- and inter-observer intraclass correlations were found for 3DE (0.995 and 0.995), 2DE (0.990 and 0.988), and 2DSTE (0.990 and 0.989). Conclusion Automated LAVmax measurement by 2DSTE is highly feasible, highly reproducible, and provided similar values to conventional 2DE calculations in consecutive patients with a wide range of LAVmax.

中文翻译：

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通过二维斑点追踪超声心动图自动测量左心房容积：可行性、准确性和可重复性

目的 左心房 (LA) 应变分析的一个副产品是 LA 最大容积 (LAVmax) 的自动测量，这可以减少超声心动图报告的时间，并提高 LAVmax 测量的可重复性。然而，通过二维散斑跟踪分析 (2DSTE) 自动测量 LAVmax 从未得到验证。因此，我们试图 (i) 评估通过 2DSTE 自动测量 LAVmax 的可行性；(ii) 将 2DSTE 的自动 LAVmax 与传统的二维 (2DE) 双平面和三维超声心动图 (3DE) 测量进行比较；(iii) 评估三种超声心动图技术的准确性和可重复性。方法和结果 LAVmax (34–197 mL) 通过 2DSTE、2DE 和 3DE 从 198/210（可行性 94%）连续患者（中位年龄 67 岁，126 名男性）中获得。2DE 和 2DSTE 测量得到相似的 LAVmax 值 [偏差 = 1.5 mL，一致性极限 (LOA) ± 7.5 mL]，并且略微低估了 3DE LAVmax（偏差 = -5 mL，LOA ± 17 mL 和 -6 mL，LOA ± 16毫升，分别）。2DSTE 和 2DE 的 LAVmax 与心脏磁共振 (CMR) 获得的 LAVmax 密切相关（分别为 r = 0.946 和 r = 0.935；P < 0.001）。然而，通过 2DSTE（偏差 = -9.5 mL，LOA ± 16 mL）和 2DE（偏差 = -8 mL，LOA ± 17 mL）获得的 LAVmax 明显小于通过 CMR 测量的值。相反，3DE LAVmax 与 CMR 相似（偏差 = -2 mL，LOA ± 10 mL）。对于 3DE（0.995 和 0.995）、2DE（0.990 和 0.988）和 2DSTE（0.990 和 0.989），发现了出色的观察者内和观察者组内相关性。结论 2DSTE 的自动 LAVmax 测量是高度可行的、高度可重复的、