This study investigates the impact of malaria eradication programs on Black-white economic disparities in the early 1900s U.S. South. Malaria eradication was widespread and improved health across races. Yet, only white men experienced economic benefits. Using matched census records, we find that increased exposure to the program was associated with higher schooling attainment and income for whites but not for Blacks. Blacks exposed to malaria eradication were more likely to be farm laborers, and both Blacks and whites were more likely to migrate out of state. Our findings suggest that malaria eradication, a broadly applied intervention, widened racial gaps.

中文翻译：

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疟疾、种族和不平等：来自 1900 年代早期美国南部的证据

本研究调查了 1900 年代初期美国南部疟疾根除计划对黑人经济差距的影响。消灭疟疾很普遍，并改善了各个种族的健康状况。然而，只有白人男性获得了经济利益。使用匹配的人口普查记录，我们发现增加对该计划的接触与白人更高的教育程度和收入有关，但与黑人无关。接触疟疾根除的黑人更有可能是农场工人，黑人和白人更有可能移出州外。我们的研究结果表明，根除疟疾是一种广泛应用的干预措施，扩大了种族差距。