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Virtual pruning of 3D trees as a tool for managing shading effects in agroforestry systems
Agroforestry Systems ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s10457-021-00697-5
Rafael Bohn Reckziegel 1 , Jonathan P. Sheppard 1 , Hans-Peter Kahle 1 , Elena Larysch 1 , Heinrich Spiecker 1 , Thomas Seifert 1, 2 , Christopher Morhart 1
Affiliation  

Light is a limiting resource for crops within integrated land use systems especially those including woody perennials. The amount of available light at ground level can be modified by artificially pruning the overstory. Aiming to increase the understanding of light management strategies, we simulated the pruning of wild cherry trees and compared the shading effects of the resulting tree structures over a complete growing season, with fine spatiotemporal resolution. Original 3D-tree structures were retrieved employing terrestrial laser scanning and quantitative structure models, and subjected to two pruning treatments at low and high intensities. By using the ‘shadow model’, the analogous tree structures created diverse shaded scenarios varying in size and intensity of insolation reduction. Conventional pruning treatments reduced the crown structure to the uppermost portion of the tree bole, reducing the shading effects, and thus, shrinking the shaded area on the ground by up to 38%, together with the shading intensity. As an alternative, the selective removal of branches reduced the shading effects, while keeping a more similar spatial distribution compared to the unpruned tree. Hence, the virtual pruning of tree structures can support designing and selecting adequate tending operations for the management of light distribution in agroforestry systems. The evidence assembled in this study is highly relevant for agroecosystems and can be strategically used for maintaining, planning and designing integrated tree-crop agricultural systems.



中文翻译:

虚拟修剪 3D 树木作为管理农林业系统中阴影效果的工具

光是综合土地利用系统中作物的一种限制性资源,尤其是包括多年生木本植物在内的作物。可以通过人工修剪覆盖层来修改地面的可用光量。为了增加对光照管理策略的理解,我们模拟了野樱桃树的修剪,并以精细的时空分辨率比较了整个生长季节产生的树木结构的遮光效果。采用地面激光扫描和定量结构模型检索原始 3D 树结构,并在低强度和高强度下进行两次修剪处理。通过使用“阴影模型”,类似的树结构创造了不同的阴影场景,其大小和日照减少强度各不相同。传统的修剪处理将树冠结构减少到树干的最上部,降低了遮荫效果,从而将地面上的遮荫面积和遮荫强度缩小了 38%。作为替代方案,与未修剪的树相比,选择性去除树枝减少了阴影效果,同时保持了更相似的空间分布。因此,树木结构的虚拟修剪可以支持设计和选择适当的抚育操作,以管理农林系统中的光分布。本研究中收集的证据与农业生态系统高度相关,可战略性地用于维护、规划和设计综合性林木作物农业系统。将地面上的阴影区域以及阴影强度缩小了 38%。作为替代方案,与未修剪的树相比,选择性去除树枝减少了阴影效果,同时保持了更相似的空间分布。因此,树木结构的虚拟修剪可以支持设计和选择适当的抚育操作,以管理农林系统中的光分布。本研究中收集的证据与农业生态系统高度相关,可战略性地用于维护、规划和设计综合性林木作物农业系统。将地面上的阴影区域以及阴影强度缩小了 38%。作为替代方案,与未修剪的树相比,选择性去除树枝减少了阴影效果,同时保持了更相似的空间分布。因此,树木结构的虚拟修剪可以支持设计和选择适当的抚育操作,以管理农林系统中的光分布。本研究中收集的证据与农业生态系统高度相关,可战略性地用于维护、规划和设计综合性林木作物农业系统。因此,树木结构的虚拟修剪可以支持设计和选择适当的抚育操作,以管理农林系统中的光分布。本研究中收集的证据与农业生态系统高度相关,可战略性地用于维护、规划和设计综合性林木作物农业系统。因此,树木结构的虚拟修剪可以支持设计和选择适当的抚育操作,以管理农林系统中的光分布。本研究中收集的证据与农业生态系统高度相关,可战略性地用于维护、规划和设计综合性林木作物农业系统。

更新日期:2021-10-02
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