The competition between antiferromagnetism and hole motion in two-dimensional Mott insulators lies at the heart of a doping-dependent transition from an anomalous metal to a conventional Fermi liquid. We observe such a crossover in Fermi-Hubbard systems on a cold-atom quantum simulator and reveal the transformation of multipoint correlations between spins and holes upon increasing doping at temperatures around the superexchange energy. Conventional observables, such as spin susceptibility, are furthermore computed from the microscopic snapshots of the system. Starting from a magnetic polaron regime, we find the system evolves into a Fermi liquid featuring incommensurate magnetic fluctuations and fundamentally altered correlations. The crossover is completed for hole dopings around 30%. Our work benchmarks theoretical approaches and discusses possible connections to lower-temperature phenomena.

中文翻译：

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掺杂莫特绝缘体从极化金属到费米液体的微观演变

二维莫特绝缘体中反铁磁性和空穴运动之间的竞争是从异常金属到传统费米液体的掺杂依赖转变的核心。我们在冷原子量子模拟器上观察到费米-哈伯德系统中的这种交叉，并揭示了在超交换能附近的温度下增加掺杂后自旋和空穴之间多点相关性的转变。此外，还从系统的微观快照计算了传统的可观测值，例如自旋磁化率。从磁极化子状态开始，我们发现该系统演变为具有不相称的磁波动和根本改变的相关性的费米液体。对于 30% 左右的空穴掺杂，交叉完成。