Although type 1 diabetes is traditionally considered a disease of lean people, overweight and obesity are becoming increasingly more common in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Non-physiological insulin replacement that causes peripheral hyperinsulinaemia, insulin profiles that do not match basal and mealtime insulin needs, defensive snacking to avoid hypoglycaemia, or a combination of these, are believed to affect body composition and drive excessive accumulation of body fat in people with type 1 diabetes. The consequences of overweight or obesity in people with type 1 diabetes are of particular concern, as they increase the risk of both diabetes-related and obesity-related complications, including cardiovascular disease, stroke, and various types of cancer. In this Review, we summarise the current understanding of the aetiology and consequences of excessive bodyweight in people with type 1 diabetes and highlight the need to optimise future prevention and treatment strategies in this population.

虽然 1 型糖尿病传统上被认为是瘦人的疾病，但超重和肥胖在 1 型糖尿病患者中变得越来越普遍。导致外周高胰岛素血症的非生理性胰岛素替代、与基础和进餐时胰岛素需求不匹配的胰岛素谱、避免低血糖的防御性零食或这些的组合，被认为会影响身体成分并导致身体脂肪过度堆积。 1 型糖尿病。1 型糖尿病患者超重或肥胖的后果尤其令人担忧，因为它们会增加糖尿病相关和肥胖相关并发症的风险，包括心血管疾病、中风和各种类型的癌症。在本次审查中，