The use of bioprinting as a powerful tool for tissue and organ fabrication has been a promising development in the field of biomedicine, offering unprecedented versatility in the fabrication of biologically and physiologically relevant constructs. Even though there are a plethora of commercial bioprinters available in the market, most of them are overly expensive. Thus, university facilities and independent research groups often find it difficult, if not impossible, to equip themselves with such machinery. In this Review, we analyze affordable alternatives to commercial bioprinters, which are presented by the Do-it-Yourself (DiY) community. First, we discuss the current state of these low-cost technologies, and the advances made to bridge the divergence between marketed bioprinters and DiY devices. Afterwards, the different bioprinting technologies that are most commonplace for these low-cost devices are examined. Additionally, an overview of the pioneering DiY bioprinters takes place, as well as the open-source software alternatives to control these bioprinters. Next, we analyze the different factors to take into consideration during the bioprinting workflow, such as bioinks, computer-aided models, and bioprinting parameters. Finally, we conclude with a brief assessment of current limitations and potential solutions, as well as future developments in the arena of bioprinting.

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最先进的经济实惠的生物打印机：DIY 社区指南

使用生物打印作为组织和器官制造的强大工具一直是生物医学领域的一个有前途的发展，为生物和生理相关结构的制造提供了前所未有的多功能性。尽管市场上有大量的商用生物打印机，但其中大多数都过于昂贵。因此，大学设施和独立研究小组经常发现很难，甚至不可能，为自己配备这样的机器。在这篇评论中，我们分析了由 Do-it-Yourself (DiY) 社区提供的商业生物打印机的负担得起的替代品。首先，我们讨论了这些低成本技术的现状，以及为弥合已上市生物打印机和 DiY 设备之间的分歧而取得的进展。然后，研究了这些低成本设备最常见的不同生物打印技术。此外，还概述了开创性的 DiY 生物打印机，以及控制这些生物打印机的开源软件替代方案。接下来，我们分析了生物打印工作流程中要考虑的不同因素，例如生物墨水、计算机辅助模型和生物打印参数。最后，我们简要评估了当前的局限性和潜在的解决方案，以及生物打印领域的未来发展。我们分析了生物打印工作流程中要考虑的不同因素，例如生物墨水、计算机辅助模型和生物打印参数。最后，我们简要评估了当前的局限性和潜在的解决方案，以及生物打印领域的未来发展。我们分析了生物打印工作流程中要考虑的不同因素，例如生物墨水、计算机辅助模型和生物打印参数。最后，我们简要评估了当前的局限性和潜在的解决方案，以及生物打印领域的未来发展。