Self-powered photodetectors can work with low power consumption or even without any supply from external power sources, and they are recognized as one of the developing trends of next-generation optoelectronic devices. As one of the most-known n-type metal oxides applied in electronic devices, ZnO nanostructures and their heterostructures with other appropriate materials have been widely applied in the assembly of self-powered UV photodetectors. In this review, the recent research on different types of ZnO-based self-powered UV photodetectors is outlined. ZnO nanostructures with different dimensionalities adopted in these photodetectors are discussed in detail. The influences of specific effects, such as the piezo-phototronic effect, the pyro-phototronic effect, the photo-gating effect, and even their fusions, on modulating the self-powered photo-response of these photodetectors have also been demonstrated. The applications of these photodetectors in UV sensing, environmental recognition, wearable devices, functional devices, and light communication are displayed. Finally, possible opportunities and directions for the future developments of these photodetectors are proposed.

中文翻译：

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基于氧化锌纳米材料的自供电紫外光电探测器

自供电光电探测器可以低功耗工作，甚至无需外部电源供电，被认为是下一代光电器件的发展趋势之一。作为电子器件中最著名的 n 型金属氧化物之一，ZnO 纳米结构及其与其他合适材料的异质结构已广泛应用于自供电紫外光电探测器的组装。在这篇综述中，概述了最近对不同类型的基于 ZnO 的自供电紫外光电探测器的研究。详细讨论了这些光电探测器中采用的不同维度的 ZnO 纳米结构。特定效应的影响，如压电光电效应、热光电效应、光门效应，甚至它们的融合，在调制这些光电探测器的自供电光响应方面也得到了证明。展示了这些光电探测器在紫外传感、环境识别、可穿戴设备、功能设备和光通信中的应用。最后，提出了这些光电探测器未来发展的可能机会和方向。