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Degree of Anthropogenic Land Disturbance Controls Fluvial Sediment Hysteresis
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 11.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-28 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00740
Amirreza Zarnaghsh 1 , Admin Husic 1
Affiliation  

Storm events dominate sediment delivery to stream corridors, but the effects of anthropogenic disturbances on altering the sources, pathways, and timing of delivery remain uncertain. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed 849 events from over a decade of high-frequency turbidity data across five watersheds in an urbanization gradient. Sensing results suggested that hysteresis patterns evolved with land use from clockwise (low-rural) to figure-eight (high-rural) to counter-clockwise (high-urban), indicating a disturbance-driven shift of sediment provenance from proximal to distal. Sediment loading pathways in the lowest-disturbance rural watershed were dominated by a single hysteresis shape (>90% of export by clockwise events), whereas the most-disturbed urban basin had the greatest variability in loading pathways (∼25% of export by clockwise, counter-clockwise, figure-eight, and complex events, respectively). Finally, wastewater treatment facilities modulated the release of “hungry-water” baseflow, causing more-rapid periods of high streamflow variance in catchments with a treatment facility (∼4 h period) than in those without (∼6 h period). Together, our results indicate that anthropogenic disturbances, including tile drainage, impervious surfaces, and roadway density, increase the connectivity of distally located sediment that would—in undisturbed basins—deposit along the sediment cascade. This information is important to watershed managers as they mitigate erosion in developing basins.

中文翻译:

人为陆地干扰控制河流沉积物滞后的程度

风暴事件主导着向河流走廊输送沉积物,但人为干扰对改变来源、路径和输送时间的影响仍然不确定。为了解决这一知识差距,我们分析了城市化梯度中五个流域十多年的高频浊度数据中的 849 个事件。传感结果表明滞后模式随着土地利用从顺时针(低农村)到八字形(高农村)再到逆时针(高城市)演变,表明沉积物来源从近端到远端的扰动驱动转移。最低干扰农村流域的沉积物加载路径以单一滞后形状为主(> 90%的顺时针事件出口),而最受干扰的城市盆地在加载路径上具有最大的变异性(分别为顺时针、逆时针、8 字形和复杂事件的约 25% 的出口)。最后,污水处理设施调节了“饥饿水”基流的释放,导致有处理设施的集水区(约 4 小时)比没有处理设施的集水区(约 6 小时)更快速地出现高流量变化。总之,我们的结果表明,人为干扰,包括瓷砖排水、不透水表面和道路密度,增加了远端沉积物的连通性,这些沉积物在未受干扰的盆地中会沿着沉积物级联沉积。这些信息对于流域管理者来说很重要,因为他们可以减轻发展中流域的侵蚀。废水处理设施调节了“饥饿水”基流的释放,导致有处理设施的集水区(约 4 小时)比没有处理设施的集水区(约 6 小时)更快速地出现高流量变化。总之,我们的结果表明,人为干扰,包括瓷砖排水、不透水表面和道路密度,增加了远端沉积物的连通性,这些沉积物在未受干扰的盆地中会沿着沉积物级联沉积。这些信息对于流域管理者来说很重要,因为他们可以减轻发展中流域的侵蚀。废水处理设施调节了“饥饿水”基流的释放,导致有处理设施的集水区(约 4 小时)比没有处理设施的集水区(约 6 小时)更快速地出现高流量变化。总之,我们的结果表明,人为干扰,包括瓷砖排水、不透水表面和道路密度,增加了远端沉积物的连通性,这些沉积物在未受干扰的盆地中会沿着沉积物级联沉积。这些信息对于流域管理者来说很重要,因为他们可以减轻发展中流域的侵蚀。我们的结果表明,人为干扰,包括瓷砖排水、不透水表面和道路密度,增加了位于未受干扰的盆地中的远端沉积物的连通性,这些沉积物会沿着沉积物级联沉积。这些信息对于流域管理者来说很重要,因为他们可以减轻发展中流域的侵蚀。我们的结果表明,人为干扰,包括瓷砖排水、不透水表面和道路密度,增加了位于远端沉积物的连通性,这些沉积物在未受干扰的盆地中会沿着沉积物级联沉积。这些信息对于流域管理者来说很重要,因为他们可以减轻发展中流域的侵蚀。
更新日期:2021-10-19
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