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Natural and Anthropogenic Coastal Environmental Hazards: An Integrated Remote Sensing, GIS, and Geophysical-based Approach
Surveys in Geophysics ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-28 , DOI: 10.1007/s10712-021-09660-6
Youssef M. Youssef 1, 2 , Mostafa A. Teama 1 , Michiaki Sugita 2 , Khaled S. Gemail 3 , Mohammed AlBarqawy 4 , Magaly Koch 5 , Saada A. Saada 6
Affiliation  

AbstractSection Abstract

Monitoring sources of environmental risks from rising groundwater levels and associated soil degradation is a substantial challenge in coastal regions of the world. The integration of remote sensing and subsurface data, followed by field geophysical surveys, provided an innovative approach for identifying sites susceptible to environmental risks from natural coastal interventions and anthropogenic activities. In this work, various remote sensing (Landsat-5–7-8 and ALOS/PALSAR-DEM), and subsurface (110 boreholes describing soil type, groundwater chemistry, and geotechnical clay plasticity) datasets were integrated in a geographic information system (GIS) environment to generate a site hazard susceptibility map (SHSM) for Suez city, Egypt, as an example of urban geohazard in coastal environments. Accordingly, the obtained very high susceptibility zone (2.95% of the area), located in the south-eastern regions, showed permanent wetlands since 1986, shallow groundwater level, and marine soil facies with thick clay layers. These conditions enhanced the risk of water salinity and swelling potentiality even without anthropogenic intervention. The constructed SHSM model was validated against the spatial distribution of affected infrastructures mapped by field observations and was found to provide accurate results. Additionally, the electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) profiles, collected over the vulnerable sites, revealed the presence of a buried paleo-sand channel extending from the Gulf of Suez and acting as a conduit for seawater inundation during winter seasons. These results highlight the significance of the proposed approach as a practical and cost-effective tool for coastal vulnerability mapping in order to better understand the complexity of multi-dimensions criteria for geohazard modelling. This holistic approach is an important phase to guide priorities of urban planning and would improve the analysis of coastal vulnerability and could be employed in other coastal cities worldwide.

AbstractSection Article Highlights
  • Analysis of geomorphological, geological, hydrogeologic, and geotechnical elements in the coastal cities is required to understand the responses to natural and anthropogenic forces

  • An integrative approach of Remote Sensing and geophysical datasets is proposed for assessing sites susceptible to geohazards from natural coastal interferences and anthropogenic activities

  • The reliability of the SHSM model is validated by field observations and Electrical Resistivity tomography (ERT) profiles in the very high susceptibility zone studied

  • The results indicate that the proposed approach is a practical and cost-effective tool for coastal vulnerability mapping



中文翻译:

自然和人为沿海环境危害:综合遥感、GIS 和基于地球物理的方法

摘要部分摘要

监测来自地下水位上升和相关土壤退化的环境风险来源是世界沿海地区的一项重大挑战。将遥感和地下数据结合起来,然后进行实地地球物理调查,为识别易受自然沿海干预和人为活动造成的环境风险影响的地点提供了一种创新方法。在这项工作中,各种遥感(Landsat-5-7-8 和 ALOS/PALSAR-DEM)和地下(描述土壤类型、地下水化学和岩土工程粘土可塑性的 110 个钻孔)数据集被集成到地理信息系统(GIS ) 环境生成埃及苏伊士市的场地灾害敏感性图 (SHSM),作为沿海环境中城市地质灾害的一个例子。因此,获得的非常高的易感区(面积的 2.95%)位于东南部地区,显示出自 1986 年以来的永久性湿地、浅地下水位和具有厚粘土层的海相土壤相。即使没有人为干预,这些条件也会增加水盐度和膨胀潜力的风险。构建的 SHSM 模型根据实地观察绘制的受影响基础设施的空间分布进行了验证,并发现提供了准确的结果。此外,在脆弱地点收集的电阻率断层扫描 (ERT) 剖面显示存在从苏伊士湾延伸的掩埋古沙通道,并在冬季充当海水淹没的管道。这些结果突出了所提出的方法作为沿海脆弱性绘图的实用且具有成本效益的工具的重要性,以便更好地了解地质灾害建模的多维标准的复杂性。这种整体方法是指导城市规划优先事项的重要阶段,将改进对沿海脆弱性的分析,可用于全球其他沿海城市。

摘要部分文章亮点
  • 需要对沿海城市的地貌、地质、水文地质和岩土要素进行分析,以了解对自然和人为力量的响应

  • 提出了一种遥感和地球物理数据集的综合方法,用于评估易受自然沿海干扰和人为活动造成的地质灾害影响的地点

  • SHSM 模型的可靠性通过实地观察和所研究的极高磁化率区的电阻率断层扫描 (ERT) 剖面进行验证

  • 结果表明,所提出的方法是一种实用且具有成本效益的沿海脆弱性绘图工具

更新日期:2021-09-29
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