Although the familiar size of real-world objects affects size and distance perception, evidence is mixed about whether this is the case when oculomotor cues are available. We examined the familiar size effect (FSE) on both size and distance perception for real objects under two viewing conditions with full or restricted oculomotor cues (binocular viewing, which provides vergence and accommodation cues, and monocular viewing through a 1-mm pinhole, which removes those cues). Familiar objects (a playing die versus a Rubik's cube) were manufactured in their typical (1.6-cm die and 5.7-cm Rubik's cube) and reverse (5.7-cm die and 1.6-cm Rubik's cube) sizes and shown at two distances (25 cm versus 91 cm) in isolation. Small near and large far objects subtended equal retinal angles. Participants provided manual estimates of perceived size and distance. For every combination of size and distance, Rubik's cubes were perceived as larger and farther than the dice, even during binocular viewing at near distances (<1 meter), when oculomotor cues are particularly strong. For size perception but not distance perception, the familiar size effect was significantly stronger under monocular pinhole viewing than binocular viewing. These results suggest that (1) familiar size affects the accuracy of perception, not just the speed; (2) the effect occurs even when oculomotor cues are available; and (3) size and distance perception are not perfectly yoked.

中文翻译：

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即使使用双眼视觉，熟悉的大小也会影响真实物体的感知大小和距离。

尽管熟悉的现实世界物体的大小会影响大小和距离感知，但关于当有动眼神经线索时是否是这种情况的证据不一。我们检查了在两种观察条件下真实物体的大小和距离感知的熟悉的尺寸效应 (FSE) 具有完整或受限的动眼神经线索（双目观察，提供聚散度和调节线索，以及通过 1 毫米针孔的单眼观察，其删除这些提示）。熟悉的物体（游戏骰子与魔方）以它们的典型（1.6 厘米骰子和 5.7 厘米魔方）和反向（5.7 厘米骰子和 1.6 厘米魔方）尺寸制造，并以两个距离（25厘米与 91 厘米）隔离。小的近处和大的远处物体对着相等的视网膜角。参与者提供了对感知大小和距离的手动估计。对于大小和距离的每一种组合，即使在近距离（<1 米）的双眼观察期间，当动眼神经线索特别强烈时，魔方都被认为比骰子更大、更远。对于尺寸感知而不是距离感知，在单眼针孔观察下，熟悉的尺寸效应明显强于双目观察。这些结果表明（1）熟悉的尺寸会影响感知的准确性，而不仅仅是速度；(2) 即使有动眼神经线索，效果也会发生；(3) 大小和距离感知没有完美结合。1 米），当动眼神经信号特别强烈时。对于尺寸感知而不是距离感知，在单眼针孔观察下，熟悉的尺寸效应明显强于双目观察。这些结果表明（1）熟悉的尺寸会影响感知的准确性，而不仅仅是速度；(2) 即使有动眼神经线索，效果也会发生；(3) 大小和距离感知没有完美结合。1 米），当动眼神经信号特别强烈时。对于尺寸感知而不是距离感知，在单眼针孔观察下，熟悉的尺寸效应明显强于双目观察。这些结果表明（1）熟悉的尺寸会影响感知的准确性，而不仅仅是速度；(2) 即使有动眼神经线索，效果也会发生；(3) 大小和距离感知没有完美结合。