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Numerical and experimental development of integrated electrostatic precipitator concepts for small-scaled biomass furnaces
Biomass & Bioenergy ( IF 6 ) Pub Date : 2021-09-28 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.106247
Florian Schittl 1 , Lukas Unterpertinger 1 , Christian Heschl 2 , Jürgen Krail 2
Affiliation  

Downstream electrostatic precipitators (ESP) represent the state of the art separation technology in medium and large biomass combustion plants. However, these technologies are often difficult to implement in smaller furnaces due to economic aspects and space constraints. This study deals with the integration of ESP systems into the heat exchanger of a small-scale biomass furnace. In order to accelerate the costly and time-consuming development process, preliminary numerical investigations of different ESP configurations were conducted using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A prototype of the most promising variant were manufactured based on the results of the CFD simulations and experimentally tested with regard to the collection efficiency. In addition to the full load behaviour of the firing system, further test arrangements with several partial-load situations were tested to analyse the particle precipitation under realistic plant conditions with regard to flue gas properties and flow conditions. Furthermore, the collection efficiency for the combustion of different types of biomass was evaluated. Both discontinuous and time-resolved aerosol measuring methods are used to determine particulate matter (PM) emissions. Discontinuous measurements show that at least 55 % of the PM2.5 particles are separated with the integrated ESP, both at full and partial load operation of the boiler, irrespective of the fuel used. In the partial load range, collection efficiencies for PM2.5 can be increased by up to 75 %, depending on the fuel being fired. In order to enable a more precise observation of the separation behaviour with regard to particle size, additional continuous high-resolution aerosol measurements were carried out for a selected fuel (wood chips w=20%). The results show that over 50 % (full load) and over 80 % (part load) of small particles (PM1) can be separated.



中文翻译:

小型生物质炉集成静电除尘器概念的数值和实验开发

下游静电除尘器 (ESP) 代表了中型和大型生物质燃烧工厂中最先进的分离技术。然而,由于经济方面和空间限制,这些技术通常难以在较小的熔炉中实施。本研究涉及将 ESP 系统集成到小型生物质炉的热交换器中。为了加快成本高昂且耗时的开发过程,使用计算流体动力学 (CFD) 对不同 ESP 配置进行了初步数值研究。基于 CFD 模拟的结果制造了最有前途的变体的原型,并在收集效率方面进行了实验测试。除了点火系统的满载行为,对几种部分负载情况的进一步测试安排进行了测试,以分析实际工厂条件下烟气特性和流动条件下的颗粒沉淀。此外,评估了不同类型生物质燃烧的收集效率。不连续和时间分辨气溶胶测量方法都用于确定颗粒物 (PM) 排放。不连续的测量表明,至少 55 无论使用何种燃料,在锅炉满负荷和部分负荷运行时,% 的 PM 2.5颗粒都被集成的 ESP 分离。在部分负载范围内,根据燃烧的燃料,PM 2.5 的收集效率可提高多达 75  %。为了更精确地观察颗粒大小的分离行为,对选定的燃料(木屑)进行了额外的连续高分辨率气溶胶测量。=20%)。结果表明,可以分离超过 50  %(满载)和超过 80  %(部分负载)的小颗粒(PM 1)。

更新日期:2021-09-28
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