Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common cause of hypertension. Previous studies have demonstrated beneficial short-term effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy on blood pressure. However, long-term antihypertensive effects of CPAP have not been properly verified. This study examined the longitudinal effect of CPAP therapy adherence on blood pressure among OSA patients. All patients diagnosed with OSA and undergoing subsequent CPAP therapy at a Kanagawa-area sleep clinic were clinically followed for 24 months to examine CPAP adherence, as well as longitudinal changes in blood pressure and body weight because it may become a confound factor for changes in blood pressure. The hours of CPAP usage were collected over the course of 30 nights prior to each follow-up visit (1st, 3rd, 6th, 12th, and 24th month). The relationship between CPAP adherence and blood pressure was analyzed using mixed-effect logistic regression models. A total of 918 OSA patients were enrolled in the study. We found a significant reduction in diastolic blood pressure among patients with good CPAP adherence during the 24-month follow-up period (β = − 0.13, p = 0.03), when compared to the group with poor CPAP adherence. No significant association was found between CPAP adherence and weight loss (β = − 0.02, p = 0.59). Long-term, good CPAP therapy adherence was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure without significant weight loss.

阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 是高血压的常见原因。先前的研究已经证明了持续气道正压通气 (CPAP) 治疗对血压的短期有益影响。然而，CPAP 的长期降压作用尚未得到正确验证。本研究检查了 CPAP 治疗依从性对 OSA 患者血压的纵向影响。所有诊断为 OSA 并在神奈川地区睡眠诊所接受后续 CPAP 治疗的患者均接受了 24 个月的临床随访，以检查 CPAP 依从性，以及血压和体重的纵向变化，因为它可能成为血液变化的混杂因素压力。在每次随访前（第 1、第 3、第 6、第 12 和第 24 个月）收集 30 个晚上的 CPAP 使用小时数。使用混合效应逻辑回归模型分析 CPAP 依从性与血压之间的关系。该研究共招募了 918 名 OSA 患者。我们发现在 24 个月的随访期间，CPAP 依从性良好的患者的舒张压显着降低。β  = − 0.13, p  = 0.03)，与 CPAP 依从性差的组相比。CPAP 依从性与体重减轻之间未发现显着关联（β  = - 0.02，p  = 0.59）。长期、良好的 CPAP 治疗依从性与较低的舒张压相关，而没有显着的体重减轻。