Introduction

Eating behavior can be defined as the relationship between human and food and involves a multifaceted network of genetic and environmental influences. The eating behavior acquired in childhood, when dysfunctional, can affect children's health and seems to influence adult eating behavior. This study aimed to analyze the breastfeeding influence on eating behavior in early childhood.

Methods

In this longitudinal observational study, data about sociodemographic and breastfeeding practices were collected through questionnaire developed by the researchers and eating behavior was assessed with the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire when the children have 3–5 years of age. This instrument was divided into ‘food approach’ and ‘food avoidant’ scales, with 'food approach' being linked to overweight/obesity and 'food avoidant' to selectivity.

Results

Data on 107 mother-child pairs were analyzed, of whom 98.1% (n= 105) were breastfed and 46.7% (n= 50) received infant formula. There was a significant association between lower scores in the ‘food approach’ scale, eating behavior, and total breastfeeding duration > 6 months (p= 0.033), as well, as with exclusive breastfeeding duration > 3 months (p= 0.001). This relationship was confirmed in a linear regression model, after adjusting for sociodemographic variables and infant nutritional status. It was observed that a one-day increase in total breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding was associated with a -0.044 decrease in total score on the ‘food approach’ scale ([95% CI: -0.08; -0.01]; p= 0.027 and [95% CI: -0.08; -0.01]; p= 0.010, respectively).

Conclusion

The total and exclusive breastfeeding duration are related to child feeding behavior, while a longer period of breastfeeding can be an influencing factor against ‘food approach’ scale.

中文翻译：

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母乳喂养的持续时间与儿童早期的饮食行为有关吗？

介绍

饮食行为可以定义为人类与食物之间的关系，涉及遗传和环境影响的多方面网络。童年时期获得的饮食行为，当功能失调时，会影响儿童的健康，并且似乎会影响成人的饮食行为。本研究旨在分析母乳喂养对儿童早期饮食行为的影响。

方法

在这项纵向观察研究中，通过研究人员开发的问卷收集了有关社会人口和母乳喂养实践的数据，并在儿童 3-5 岁时使用儿童饮食行为问卷评估了饮食行为。该工具分为“食物方法”和“食物避免”量表，“食物方法”与超重/肥胖相关，“食物避免”与选择性相关。

结果

分析了 107 对母子的数据，其中 98.1%（n = 105）为母乳喂养，46.7%（n = 50）为婴儿配方奶粉。“食物方法”量表中的较低分数、饮食行为和总母乳喂养时间 > 6 个月（ p = 0.033）以及纯母乳喂养时间 > 3 个月（p = 0.001）之间存在显着关联。在调整社会人口学变量和婴儿营养状况后，这种关系在线性回归模型中得到证实。据观察，全母乳喂养和纯母乳喂养一天的增加与“食物方法”量表的总分下降 -0.044 相关（[95% CI：-0.08；-0.01]；p= 0.027 和 [95% CI：-0.08；-0.01]; p = 0.010，分别）。

结论

完全母乳喂养和纯母乳喂养的持续时间与儿童的喂养行为有关，而较长的母乳喂养时间可能是影响“食物方法”量表的一个影响因素。