New powertrain technologies, such as those used in Hybrid Electric Vehicles, have a price premium which is often offset by lower running costs. Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) combines these purchase and operating expenses to identify the most economical vehicles overall. This is a valuable assessment for both private and fleet purchasers. To date, no studies have compared Total Cost of Ownership across more than two vehicle markets or analysed historic costs. To address this gap, this research provides a more extensive assessment of TCO in three industrialized countries — the U.S.A. (California specifically), the UK, and Republic of Korea — for the time period from 2015 ∼ 2019. As an early analysis of the regional characteristics of TCO, this study aims to examine how TCO varies across different geographic regions and develop an analysis methodology for future analysis of environmental vehicles. To analyze the TCO under identical conditions for each region, the TCO result is calculated using data from conventional vehicles by utilizing sufficient statistical data. The TCO model includes registration and road taxes as well as insurance, fuel, financial interest, depreciation, and maintenance costs. To represent the local features, the research considers four vehicles from different manufacturers. Using the proposed TCO model, the regional characteristic is analyzed and a sensitivity analysis is performed with the parameters constituting the TCO model. This research has implications for both fleet purchasers and private owners considering new vehicles. The findings are also relevant for carmakers aiming to develop vehicle sales strategies optimized for specific regions.

新的动力总成技术，例如用于混合动力电动汽车的技术，价格溢价通常会被较低的运行成本所抵消。总拥有成本 (TCO) 将这些购买和运营费用结合起来，以确定总体上最经济的车辆。这对私人和车队购买者来说都是宝贵的评估。迄今为止，还没有研究比较两个以上汽车市场的总拥有成本或分析历史成本。为了弥补这一差距，本研究对三个工业化国家——美国（特别是加利福尼亚州）、英国和韩国——2015 年至 2019 年期间的 TCO 进行了更广泛的评估。 TCO的特点，本研究旨在研究 TCO 如何在不同地理区域之间变化，并为未来环境车辆的分析开发一种分析方法。为了分析每个地区在相同条件下的 TCO，TCO 结果是使用来自传统车辆的数据，并利用足够的统计数据来计算的。TCO 模型包括注册和道路税以及保险、燃料、财务利息、折旧和维护成本。为了代表当地特征，该研究考虑了来自不同制造商的四辆汽车。使用所提出的 TCO 模型，分析区域特征并使用构成 TCO 模型的参数进行敏感性分析。这项研究对考虑购买新车的车队购买者和私人车主都有影响。