Vernonia camporum is used ethnomedicinally to treat diseases such as malaria, fever, hypertension, mouth sores, pains, inflammation, and skin rashes in Africa. This study aims at investigating the biological activities (anthelminthic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial) and separating some of the biologically active components in the methanol crude extract of the stem-bark of Vernonia camporum. Phytochemical screening, anthelminthic (Lumbricus terrestris (earthworm)), anti-inflammatory (egg albumin denaturation), antioxidant (DPPH and H₂O₂ scavenging and total antioxidant capacity (TAC)), and antimicrobial (agar and broth dilution method) assays were performed on the extracts. Column chromatography and FTIR spectroscopic analysis were employed to separate and analyze the least polar constituents of the methanol extract. The preliminary phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, phytosterols, proteins and amino acids, phlobatannins, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, coumarins, and anthocyanins. The extracts (methanol and hexane) showed a higher concentration-dependent anthelminthic activity. The extracts exhibited high concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activities with IC₅₀ values of 35.83 ± 3.984 and 53.91 ± 5.8413 µg/mL, respectively. The IC₅₀ values for methanol and hexane extracts in the DPPH assay were 17.70 ± 3.430 and 29.54 ± 1.5437 µg/mL, and those of the H₂O₂ assay were 243.20 ± 0.1528 and 352.20 ± 12.64 µg/mL, respectively. TAC results for methanol and hexane extracts were recorded as 31.592 ± 1.682 and 30.232 ± 0.445 gAAE/100 g, respectively. The extracts were observed to exhibit antimicrobial activity against test organisms with MICs ranging from 0.1953 to 25.00 mg/mL. Chromatographic separations gave four fractions. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of various functional groups in purified fractions of the methanol extract that confirms the presence of the phytochemicals identified in the screening test. The results indicate that both extracts of V. camporum possess anthelminthic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities supporting the traditional usage of this plant.

中文翻译：

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斑鸠菊茎皮的驱虫、抗炎、抗氧化和抗微生物活性以及 FTIR 分析

在非洲，斑鸠菊在民族医学上用于治疗疟疾、发烧、高血压、口腔溃疡、疼痛、炎症和皮疹等疾病。本研究旨在研究斑鸠菊茎皮甲醇粗提取物中的生物活性（驱虫、抗炎、抗氧化和抗菌）并分离一些生物活性成分。植物化学筛选、驱虫（Lumbricus terrestris（蚯蚓））、抗炎（蛋清蛋白变性）、抗氧化剂（DPPH 和 H ₂ O ₂对提取物进行清除和总抗氧化能力 (TAC)) 和抗菌（琼脂和肉汤稀释法）测定。采用柱色谱和 FTIR 光谱分析来分离和分析甲醇提取物中极性最小的成分。初步的植物化学分析揭示了次生代谢物的存在，如生物碱、酚类、单宁、皂苷、萜类、黄酮类、类固醇、植物甾醇、蛋白质和氨基酸、phlobatannins、糖苷、强心苷、香豆素和花青素。提取物（甲醇和己烷）显示出较高的浓度依赖性驱虫活性。提取物表现出高浓度依赖性抗炎活性，IC ₅₀值为 35.83 ± 3.984 和 53.91 ± 5.8413  µ克/毫升，分别。DPPH 测定中甲醇和己烷提取物的 IC ₅₀值为 17.70 ± 3.430 和 29.54 ± 1.5437 µ g/mL，H ₂ O ₂测定的 IC ₅₀值为 243.20 ± 0.1528 和 352.20 ± 12.64  µg /mL克/毫升，分别。甲醇和己烷提取物的 TAC 结果分别记录为 31.592 ± 1.682 和 30.232 ± 0.445 gAAE/100 g。观察到提取物对测试生物表现出抗微生物活性，MIC 范围为 0.1953 至 25.00 mg/mL。色谱分离得到四个馏分。FTIR 分析表明甲醇提取物的纯化级分中存在各种官能团，这证实了筛选试验中鉴定的植物化学物质的存在。结果表明，樟脑的两种提取物都具有驱虫、抗炎、抗氧化和抗菌活性，支持该植物的传统用途。