For long-duration space missions to be successful, it is necessary to develop an understanding of the psychological factors that promote effective coping in isolated, confined, and extreme (ICE) environments. We evaluated relationships between Big Five personality traits and social functioning (liking one's teammates, social conflict, and social cohesion), anxiety and sad affect, well-being (health and psychological difficulties, symptoms of depression), and attitudes towards the mission and team. These variables were assessed with pre- (N = 105) and post- (N = 34) mission surveys as well as daily reports (N = 74) during the mission. Participants were crew members with a variety of work roles who completed 1- to 18-month missions in one of three stations in Antarctica. Findings indicate that neuroticism is related to increased social conflict, anxiety, and health and psychological problems, as well as more negative perceptions of teammates and social cohesion. Alternately, conscientiousness in particular may predispose crew members to form positive attitudes towards their expedition and may protect against symptoms of depression. These results carry important implications for selecting individuals for Antarctic expeditions and, with necessary caveats, space exploration teams.

为了使长期太空任务取得成功，有必要了解促进在孤立、受限和极端 (ICE) 环境中有效应对的心理因素。我们评估了大五人格特质与社会功能（喜欢自己的队友、社会冲突和社会凝聚力）、焦虑和悲伤情绪、幸福感（健康和心理困难、抑郁症状）以及对任务和团队的态度之间的关系. 这些变量通过任务前 (N = 105) 和任务后 (N = 34) 调查以及任务期间的每日报告 (N = 74) 进行评估。参与者是担任各种工作角色的船员，他们在南极洲的三个站点之一完成了 1 到 18 个月的任务。研究结果表明，神经质与社会冲突增加有关，焦虑、健康和心理问题，以及对队友和社会凝聚力的负面看法。或者，特别是尽责性可能使船员倾向于对他们的探险形成积极的态度，并可能防止出现抑郁症状。这些结果对于为南极探险选择个人以及在必要的警告下为太空探索团队选择具有重要意义。