Objective

The biocompatibility of resin based dental composites has not yet been fully characterized even though certain monomers used in these composites are synthesized from Bisphenol A (BPA), a well-known estrogenic endocrine disruptor. As a result, they show structural relationship to BPA and can contain it as an impurity. Therefore, the estrogenic activity of 9 monomers, 2 photoinitiators, one photostabilizer and leachates of 4 commercially available composites was determined.

Methods

The ERα-CALUX bioassay was used to determine both agonistic and antagonistic estrogenic activities of the pure compounds (BPA, BisDMA, BisGMA, BisEMA(3), BisEMA(6), BisEMA(10), TEGDMA, TCD-DI-HEA, BADGE, UDMA, HMBP, DMPA, CQ) and the leachates of cured composite disks. The leachates of 4 commercially available composites (Solitaire 2, Ceram.x Spectra ST, G-ænial Posterior and Filtek Supreme XTE) in water and 0.1 M NaOH (pH = 13, ‘worst-case scenario’) were tested for estrogenic activity (pooled leachates from 10 cured composite disks).

Results

Agonistic estrogenic activity was found for the monomer BisDMA, the photostabilizer HMBP and photoinitiator DMPA. All leachates from the 4 tested composites showed significant agonistic estrogenic activity higher than the DMSO control, and the highest activity (potency and efficacy) was found for Solitaire 2, followed by Ceram.x Spectra ST. Furthermore, antagonistic estrogenic activity was found in the leachates from G-ænial Posterior.

Significance

These results show that significant estrogenic activity was found in all leachates of the cured composite disks, and that this estrogenicity is most likely due to a mixture effect of multiple estrogenic compounds (including BPA, HMBP and DMPA). This indicates that further research into the endocrine activity of all the compounds that are present in these composites (even at low quantities) and their possible mixture effect is warranted to guarantee their safe use.

中文翻译：

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使用 ERα-CALUX 生物测定法评估树脂基牙科复合材料和市售复合材料浸出液中存在的化学物质的雌激素活性

客观的

树脂基牙科复合材料的生物相容性尚未完全表征，尽管这些复合材料中使用的某些单体是由双酚 A (BPA) 合成的，双酚 A (BPA) 是一种众所周知的雌激素内分泌干扰物。因此，它们显示出与 BPA 的结构关系，并且可以将其作为杂质包含在内。因此，测定了 9 种单体、2 种光引发剂、一种光稳定剂和 4 种市售复合材料的浸出液的雌激素活性。

方法

ERα-CALUX 生物测定用于确定纯化合物（BPA、BisDMA、BisGMA、BisEMA(3)、BisEMA(6)、BisEMA(10)、TEGDMA、TCD-DI-HEA、BADGE）的激动和拮抗雌激素活性, UDMA, HMBP, DMPA, CQ) 和固化复合圆盘的浸出液。测试了 4 种市售复合材料（Solitaire 2、Ceram.x Spectra ST、G-ænial Posterior 和 Filtek Supreme XTE）在水和 0.1 M NaOH（pH = 13，“最坏情况”）中的浸出液的雌激素活性（来自 10 个固化复合圆盘的汇集渗滤液）。

结果

发现单体 BisDMA、光稳定剂 HMBP 和光引发剂 DMPA 具有激动性雌激素活性。来自 4 种测试复合材料的所有浸出液均显示出高于 DMSO 对照的显着激动雌激素活性，并且发现 Solitaire 2 的活性（效力和功效）最高，其次是 Ceram.x Spectra ST。此外，在 G-ænial 后部的渗滤液中发现了拮抗雌激素活性。

意义

这些结果表明在固化复合圆盘的所有浸出液中都发现了显着的雌激素活性，并且这种雌激素活性很可能是由于多种雌激素化合物（包括 BPA、HMBP 和 DMPA）的混合效应。这表明需要进一步研究这些复合材料中存在的所有化合物（即使是少量）的内分泌活性及其可能的混合效应，以保证它们的安全使用。