As the number of photovoltaic (PV) power generators connected to the distribution grid increases, applications of on-load tap changers (OLTCs), power conditioning systems, and static reactive power compensators are being considered to mitigate the problem of voltage violation in low voltage distribution systems. The reactive power control by power conditioning systems and static reactive power compensators can mitigate steep voltage fluctuations. However, it creates losses in generation opportunities. On the other hand, OLTCs are installed at the bases of distribution lines and can collectively manage the entire system. However, the conventional voltage control method, i.e., the line drop compensation (LDC) method, is not designed for the case in which a large number of PV systems are installed in the distribution network, which results in voltage violations above the limit of the acceptable range. This study proposes a method to determine the optimal LDC control parameters of the voltage regulator, considering the power factor of PV systems to minimize the magnitude of voltage violations based on the voltage profile analysis of low-voltage (LV) distribution networks. Specifically, during a measurement period of several days, the voltages at some LV consumers and pole transformers were measured, and the optimal parameters were determined by analyzing the collected data. The effectiveness of the proposed method was verified through a numerical simulation study using the actual distribution system model under several scenarios of PV penetration rates. Additionally, the difference in the effectiveness of voltage violation reduction was verified in the case where all the LV consumer’s consumer voltage data measured per minute were used as well as in the case where only the maximum and minimum values of the data within the measurement period were used. The results reveal that the proposed method, which operates within the parameters determined by the voltage analysis of the LV distribution network, is superior to the conventional method. Furthermore, it was found that even if only the maximum and minimum values of the measurement data were used, an effective voltage violation reduction could be expected.

中文翻译：

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一种提高光伏渗透低压配电网电压质量的先进电压控制方法

随着连接到配电网的光伏 (PV) 发电机数量的增加，正在考虑应用有载分接开关 (OLTC)、功率调节系统和静态无功功率补偿器来缓解低压电压违规问题。分配系统。通过功率调节系统和静态无功补偿器的无功控制可以缓解急剧的电压波动。然而，它会造成发电机会的损失。另一方面，OLTC 安装在配电线路的底部，可以对整个系统进行统一管理。然而，传统的电压控制方法，即线路压降补偿（LDC）方法，并不是为配电网络中安装大量光伏系统的情况而设计的，这会导致电压超出可接受范围的限制。本研究基于低压 (LV) 配电网络的电压分布分析，提出了一种确定电压调节器最佳 LDC 控制参数的方法，该方法考虑了光伏系统的功率因数，以最大限度地减少电压违规的幅度。具体而言，在数天的测量周期内，对部分低压用电设备和杆式变压器的电压进行了测量，通过对采集到的数据进行分析，确定了最佳参数。通过使用实际配电系统模型在多种光伏渗透率情景下的数值模拟研究，验证了所提出方法的有效性。此外，在使用每分钟测量的所有 LV 消费者的消费者电压数据的情况下以及仅使用测量周期内数据的最大值和最小值的情况下，验证了降低电压违规有效性的差异。结果表明，所提出的方法在低压配电网电压分析确定的参数范围内运行，优于传统方法。此外，发现即使仅使用测量数据的最大值和最小值，也可以预期有效降低电压违规。结果表明，所提出的方法在低压配电网电压分析确定的参数范围内运行，优于传统方法。此外，发现即使仅使用测量数据的最大值和最小值，也可以预期有效降低电压违规。结果表明，所提出的方法在低压配电网电压分析确定的参数范围内运行，优于传统方法。此外，发现即使仅使用测量数据的最大值和最小值，也可以预期有效降低电压违规。