Abstract

Associations of aerobic bacteria capable of decomposing the organochlorine pesticide lindane at a concentration of 0.1 g/L in a mineral medium for 30–180 days were obtained via selection. It was found that the lindane-degrading associations L2-6, L3-6, L4-6, L6-6, and L4-10 were characterized by a low level of species diversity (Shannon index of 1.88–2.46). The associations include representatives of the classes of γ‑Proteobacteria (the genus Pseudomonas) and α-Proteobacteria (the genera Novosphingobium, Sphingoauranticus, Sphingomonas, Tardibacter). It was shown that the total DNA isolated from the bacterial associations of the sixth passage (L2-6, L3-6, L4-6, and L6-6) contained genes with a 98–100% level of similarity with the linABCX genes, which encode the “upper” pathways for aerobic lindane transformation. The bacterial association L4-10 effectively decomposed lindane in a mineral medium (100% destruction of 0.1 and 0.3 g/kg of lindane for 30 and 90 days, respectively) and in model soil systems (78.1–90% destruction of 0.5 g/kg of lindane for 45 days). Molecular-genetic and analytical methods indicated that the L4-10 association decomposed not only lindane but also the byproduct chlorine-organic compounds that form during its metabolism (1,3,4-trichlorobenzene, 2,5-dichlorophenol). Thus, the bacterial associations obtained in this study are of interest for the development of bioremediation technologies for areas contaminated with lindane.

中文翻译：

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积极分解林丹的需氧细菌的新关联

摘要

通过选择获得了能够在矿物培养基中分解浓度为 0.1 g/L 的有机氯农药林丹 30-180 天的需氧细菌的组合。发现降解林丹的关联 L2-6、L3-6、L4-6、L6-6 和 L4-10 的特征是物种多样性水平较低（香农指数为 1.88-2.46）。这些协会包括γ-变形杆菌（假单胞菌属）和α-变形杆菌（新鞘氨醇属、鞘氨醇杆菌属、鞘氨醇单胞菌属、缓凝杆菌属）的代表。结果表明，从第六代（L2-6、L3-6、L4-6 和 L6-6）的细菌关联中分离的总 DNA 包含与linABCX基因，编码有氧林丹转化的“上层”途径。细菌组合 L4-10 在矿物介质（分别对 0.1 和 0.3 g/kg 林丹进行 30 天和 90 天的 100% 破坏）和模型土壤系统（0.5 g/kg 的 78.1–90% 破坏）中有效分解林丹林丹 45 天）。分子遗传学和分析方法表明，L4-10 组合不仅分解林丹，还分解其代谢过程中形成的副产物氯有机化合物（1,3,4-三氯苯、2,5-二氯苯酚）。因此，本研究中获得的细菌关联对于开发林丹污染区域的生物修复技术具有重要意义。