ABSTRACT

Objective

The processes facilitating resilience are likely to be influenced by individual, familial and contextual factors that are dynamic across the life-course. These factors have been less studied in relation to resilience profiles evident in the developmental period between early to middle childhood, relative to later periods of adolescence or adulthood.

Method

This study examined factors associated with resilience in a cohort of 4,716 children known to child protection services by age 13 years, in the Australian State of New South Wales. Latent profile and transition analyses were used to identify multi-dimensional profiles of resilience as evident in social, emotional and cognitive functioning when assessed in early childhood (time 1 [T1], age 5–6 years) and middle childhood (time 2 [T2], age 10–11 years). Logistic regression models were used to investigate factors associated with two types of resilience identified: a transition profile of stress-resistance (i.e., represented by a typically developing profile at both T1 and T2) delineated in the largest subgroup (54%) of children, and a smaller subgroup (13%) with a profile of emergent resilience (i.e., typically developing at T2 following a vulnerable profile at T1).

Results

Factors associated with resilience profiles included being female, and personality characteristics of openness and extraversion; other factors associated with stress-resistance, specifically, included higher socioeconomic status, non-Indigenous background, higher perceived port at home and at school, and not having a parent with a history of criminal offending.

Conclusions

Resilience processes appear to involve a complex interplay between individual, family, and community characteristics requiring interagency support.

中文翻译：

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了解儿童保护服务的儿童从幼儿期到中期的复原力概况

摘要

客观的

促进复原力的过程可能会受到生命历程中动态的个人、家庭和背景因素的影响。相对于青春期或成年后期，这些因素与童年早期至中期发育时期明显的复原力特征相关的研究较少。

方法

本研究调查了澳大利亚新南威尔士州 4,716 名 13 岁之前接受过儿童保护服务的儿童的心理弹性相关因素。潜在概况和转变分析用于识别弹性的多维概况，在儿童早期（时间 1 [T1]，年龄 5-6 岁）和儿童中期（时间 2 [T2] 评估时，在社交、情感和认知功能中表现明显。 ]，年龄 10-11 岁）。使用逻辑回归模型来研究与已确定的两种类型的复原力相关的因素：在最大的儿童亚组（54％）中描绘的抗压转变曲线（即，以 T1 和 T2 的典型发展曲线为代表），以及一个较小的子群体（13%），其概况为紧急复原力（即，通常在 T1 脆弱性之后在 T2 发展）。

结果

与复原力概况相关的因素包括女性身份、开放性和外向性的人格特征；与抗压能力相关的其他因素具体包括较高的社会经济地位、非土著背景、在家庭和学校中较高的认知度以及父母没有犯罪记录。

结论

复原力过程似乎涉及个人、家庭和社区特征之间复杂的相互作用，需要机构间的支持。