The significant benefits of DC microgrids have instigated extensive efforts to be an alternative network as compared to conventional AC power networks. Although their deployment is ever-growing, multiple challenges still occurred for the protection of DC microgrids to efficiently design, control, and operate the system for the islanded mode and grid-tied mode. Therefore, there are extensive research activities underway to tackle these issues. The challenge arises from the sudden exponential increase in DC fault current, which must be extinguished in the absence of the naturally occurring zero crossings, potentially leading to sustained arcs. This paper presents cut-age and state-of-the-art issues concerning the fault management of DC microgrids. It provides an account of research in areas related to fault management of DC microgrids, including fault detection, location, identification, isolation, and reconfiguration. In each area, a comprehensive review has been carried out to identify the fault management of DC microgrids. Finally, future trends and challenges regarding fault management in DC-microgrids are also discussed.

中文翻译：

---

直流微电网中的故障管理：挑战、对策和未来研究趋势回顾

与传统交流电网相比，直流微电网的显着优势促使人们广泛努力成为替代网络。尽管它们的部署不断增长，但在保护直流微电网以有效地设计、控制和运行孤岛模式和并网模式系统方面仍然面临着多重挑战。因此，正在进行广泛的研究活动来解决这些问题。挑战来自直流故障电流的突然指数增加，在没有自然发生的零交叉的情况下必须将其熄灭，这可能导致持续电弧。本文介绍了有关直流微电网故障管理的最新问题。它提供了与直流微电网故障管理相关领域的研究报告，包括故障检测、定位、识别、隔离和重新配置。在每个领域，都进行了全面审查，以确定直流微电网的故障管理。最后，还讨论了直流微电网故障管理的未来趋势和挑战。