Interfacial solar-driven evaporators have presented great potential for water purification owing to their low energy consumption and high steam generation efficiency. However, their further applications are hindered by the high costs and complicated fabrication processes. Here, a scalable bilayer interfacial evaporator was constructed via an affordable technique, in which carbon black deposited nonwoven fabric (CB@NF) was employed as the upper photothermal layer, as well as PVA/starch hybrid hydrogel for self-floating and water transport. Under simulated one sun irradiation, CB@NF layer displayed excellent photothermal conversion performance, whose temperature could increase 30.4 °C within 15 min. Moreover, the introduction of starch into PVA endowed the hybrid hydrogels with considerable water-absorption capability on the premise of ensuring mechanical properties. The resultant CB@NF/PVA/starch composites achieved superior interfacial adhesion performance with interfacial toughness at about 200 J m⁻². Combining with good evaporation performance, salt-rejection property and high purification efficiency on pollutants, this evaporation system would become a promising candidate to alleviate water shortage.

界面太阳能驱动蒸发器由于其低能耗和高蒸汽产生效率而在水净化方面具有巨大潜力。然而，它们的进一步应用受到高成本和复杂制造工艺的阻碍。在这里，通过经济实惠的技术构建了可扩展的双层界面蒸发器，其中碳黑沉积无纺布（CB@NF）用作上光热层，以及用于自漂浮和水传输的 PVA/淀粉混合水凝胶。在模拟的一次太阳照射下，CB@NF 层表现出优异的光热转换性能，其温度可在 15 分钟内升高 30.4 °C。而且，将淀粉引入 PVA 使混合水凝胶在保证机械性能的前提下具有相当大的吸水能力。所得的 CB@NF/PVA/淀粉复合材料具有优异的界面粘附性能，界面韧性约为 200 J m^－2．结合良好的蒸发性能、脱盐性能和对污染物的高净化效率，该蒸发系统将成为缓解水资源短缺的一个有希望的候选者。