Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), one of the most common autoimmune diseases, is characterized by immune cell infiltration, fibroblast-like synovial cell hyperproliferation, and cartilage and bone destruction. To date, numerous studies have demonstrated that immune cells are one of the key targets for the treatment of RA. N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is the most common internal modification to eukaryotic mRNA, which is involved in the splicing, stability, export, and degradation of RNA metabolism. m⁶A methylated-related genes are divided into writers, erasers, and readers, and they are critical for the regulation of cell life. They play a significant role in various biological processes, such as virus replication and cell differentiation by controlling gene expression. Furthermore, a growing number of studies have indicated that m⁶A is associated with the occurrence of numerous diseases, such as lung cancer, bladder cancer, gastric cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, and hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we summarize the history of m6A research and recent progress on RA research concerning m⁶A enzymes. The relationship between m⁶A enzymes, immune cells, and RA suggests that m⁶A modification offers evidence for the pathogenesis of RA, which will help in the development of new therapies for RA.

类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 是最常见的自身免疫性疾病之一，其特征在于免疫细胞浸润、成纤维细胞样滑膜细胞过度增殖以及软骨和骨骼破坏。迄今为止，大量研究表明免疫细胞是治疗 RA 的关键靶点之一。N^6-甲基腺苷（m ⁶ A）是真核mRNA最常见的内部修饰，参与RNA代谢的剪接、稳定性、输出和降解。m ⁶ A 甲基化相关基因分为writers、erasers 和 reader，它们对细胞生命的调控至关重要。它们通过控制基因表达在各种生物过程中发挥重要作用，例如病毒复制和细胞分化。此外，越来越多的研究表明 m ⁶A与多种疾病的发生有关，如肺癌、膀胱癌、胃癌、急性髓系白血病、肝细胞癌等。在这篇综述中，我们总结了 m6A 研究的历史和关于 m ⁶ A 酶的RA 研究的最新进展。m ⁶ A 酶、免疫细胞和 RA之间的关系表明 m ⁶ A 修饰为 RA 的发病机制提供了证据，这将有助于开发 RA 的新疗法。