Although technical skills are a prerequisite for success in basketball, little is known about how they develop over time. In this study, we model the trajectories of technical skill development in young basketball players and investigate the effects of training experience, training volume, body composition, maturity status, physical performance, and club characteristics on skill development. A total of 264 male basketballers from five age-cohorts (11 to 15 years of age) were followed consecutively over three years using a mixed-longitudinal design. Technical skills, training experience and volume, basic anthropometrics, body composition, biological maturation and physical performance were assessed bi-annually. A multilevel hierarchical linear model was used for trajectory analysis. Non-linear trends (p < 0.01) were observed in speed shot shooting, control dribble, defensive movement, slalom sprint, and slalom dribble. Being more experienced and physically fitter had a significant (p < 0.05) positive effect on technical skill development; greater fat-free mass negatively affected skills demanding quick running and rapid changes of direction with or without the ball (p < 0.05). Training volume and biological age did not explain differences in technical skill development (p > 0.05). Moreover, belonging to different clubs had no significant influence on the technical skills trajectories of players. Our findings highlight the important role that individual differences play, over and beyond club structure, in developing skills. Findings improve our understanding on how technical skills develop during adolescence through training, growth, and biological maturation.

中文翻译：

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模拟年轻篮球运动员技术技能变化的动态：INEX 研究。

尽管技术技能是篮球成功的先决条件，但人们对它们如何随着时间的推移而发展知之甚少。在这项研究中，我们模拟了年轻篮球运动员技术技能发展的轨迹，并研究了训练经验、训练量、身体成分、成熟状态、身体表现和俱乐部特征对技能发展的影响。使用混合纵向设计，对来自五个年龄组（11 至 15 岁）的总共 264 名男性篮球运动员进行了连续三年的随访。每两年评估一次技术技能、训练经验和训练量、基本人体测量学、身体成分、生物成熟度和身体表现。多级分层线性模型用于轨迹分析。非线性趋势（p < 0。01) 在快速射门、控制运球、防守运动、回旋冲刺和回旋运球中被观察到。更有经验和身体更健康对技术技能发展有显着（p < 0.05）的积极影响；更大的无脂肪质量对需要带球或不带球的快速跑动和快速改变方向的技能产生负面影响（p < 0.05）。训练量和生理年龄不能解释技术技能发展的差异（p > 0.05）。此外，属于不同的俱乐部对球员的技术技能轨迹没有显着影响。我们的研究结果强调了个体差异在发展技能方面的重要作用，超越俱乐部结构。调查结果提高了我们对技术技能如何在青春期通过培训、成长、