Green synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) has gained great concern among researchers due to their unique properties, excellent applications and efficient route of synthesis. From the last decades, the number biologicals such as plants, fungus, bacteria, yeast, algae, and cyanobacteria and their products are using by various researchers for the synthesis of different NPs. However, the pillar of green chemistry keeps touching new heights to improve the performance. This review paper unveils almost recent cyanobacteria-assisted greener NP synthesis technique, characterization and application. The enormous potency of cyanobacteria in NP synthesis (silver, gold, copper, zinc, palladium, titanium, cadmium sulfide, and selenium) and significance of reducing enzymes were summarized. The extracellular and intracellular entity such as metabolites, enzyme, protein, pigments in cyanobacteria play a significant role in the conversion of metal ions to metal NPs with unique properties discussed briefly. The green synthesis of nanomaterials is valuable because of their cost-effective, nontoxic and eco-friendly prospects as well as the potential application metal NPs such as antibacterial, antifungal, anticancerous, catalytic, drug delivery, bioimaging, nanopesticide, nanofertilizer, sensing properties, etc. Therefore, in the present review, we have systematically discussed the mechanisms of synthesis and applications of cyanobacteria-assisted green synthesis of NPs.

纳米粒子（NPs）的绿色合成因其独特的性质、优异的应用和高效的合成途径而受到研究人员的极大关注。在过去的几十年中，各种研究人员正在使用许多生物制品，如植物、真菌、细菌、酵母、藻类和蓝细菌及其产品来合成不同的 NP。然而，绿色化学的支柱不断触及新的高度以提高性能。这篇综述论文揭示了最近蓝藻辅助的绿色 NP 合成技术、表征和应用。总结了蓝藻在 NP 合成（银、金、铜、锌、钯、钛、硫化镉和硒）中的巨大效力和还原酶的意义。细胞外和细胞内实体，如代谢物、酶、蛋白质，蓝藻中的色素在金属离子转化为金属纳米粒子的过程中发挥着重要作用，并简要讨论了其独特的性质。纳米材料的绿色合成因其具有成本效益、无毒和环保的前景以及金属纳米粒子在抗菌、抗真菌、抗癌、催化、药物输送、生物成像、纳米农药、纳米肥料、传感性能等方面的潜在应用而具有重要价值。因此，在本综述中，我们系统地讨论了蓝藻辅助绿色合成NPs的合成机理和应用。