Currently, indiscriminate use of traditional antibiotics drives the rapid evolution of multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Silver has been regarded as antimicrobial agent since ancient times, while silver nanostructures can treat bacteria through multiple interaction mechanisms, such as enhanced targetability, augmented drug loading efficiency and tunable physiochemical property. Generally, nano-silver with small sizes can eliminate pathogenic bacteria more efficiently, while it tends to aggregate, causing instability. After the formation of alloys with other noble metal elements such as gold, platinum, palladium, the stability of these nanomaterials can be significantly enhanced, with antibacterial activity maintained. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the roles of silver in Ag-based alloy nanostructure for antibacterial activity, according to the following mechanisms: the release of Ag⁺ ions to directly disturb the bacterial metabolism, the assistance to modulate surface plasmonic resonance adsorption of Ag-alloys to realize near infrared phototherapy, and the combination with Pt or Pd to the production of catalyze reactive oxygen species under bacterial microenvironment. Based on these understandings, we will summarize some common antibacterial disciplines for Ag-based nanoalloys, which may guide the further investigation for efficient antibacterial applications.

目前，传统抗生素的滥用导致多重耐药病原菌的快速进化。银自古就被认为是抗菌剂，而银纳米结构可以通过多种相互作用机制治疗细菌，例如增强靶向性、增加载药效率和可调理化性质。一般来说，小尺寸的纳米银可以更有效地消除病原菌，但容易聚集，造成不稳定。与金、铂、钯等其他贵金属元素形成合金后，这些纳米材料的稳定性可显着增强，并保持抗菌活性。因此，在这篇综述中，我们关注银在银基合金纳米结构中的抗菌活性作用，⁺离子直接干扰细菌代谢，辅助调节银合金的表面等离子体共振吸附实现近红外光疗，与铂或钯结合在细菌微环境下催化活性氧的产生。基于这些认识，我们将总结银基纳米合金的一些常见抗菌学科，这可以指导进一步研究高效抗菌应用。