A highly selective and sensitive molecularly imprinted electrochemiluminescence sensor (MIECLS) was fabricated on the basis of carbon nitride nanosheets (CNNS) and MXene-Ti₃C₂ for the determination of histamine (HA) in foods in this study. The introduction of sodium ascorbate (NaAsc) into the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system not only prevented Ti₃C₂ from aggregation to a certain extent, but also promoted the generation of more SO₄^{− •} by the S₂O₈^2-, which enhancing the ECL intensity of CNNS. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) with specific recognition sites formed on the electrode surface by electropolymerization endowed the sensor with high sensitivity and selectivity. Taking advantage of the MIECLS, the sensitive and selective detection of HA has been achieved in a linear range 5 × 10⁻⁹ to 1 × 10⁻⁴ mol L⁻¹ with a detection limit of 1.71 × 10⁻⁹ mol L⁻¹. In the actual sample analysis, the detection results with MIECLS were consistent with the obtained from HPLC, demonstrating that the MIECLS will have a great potential application in rapid and sensitive determination of HA analysis in actual samples.

本研究基于氮化碳纳米片（CNNS）和MXene-Ti ₃ C ₂制备了一种高选择性和灵敏的分子印迹电化学发光传感器（MIECLS），用于测定食品中的组胺（HA）。将抗坏血酸钠（NaAsc）引入电化学发光（ECL）体系，不仅在一定程度上阻止了Ti ₃ C ₂的聚集，而且促进了S ₂ O ₈ ^2-产生更多的SO ₄ ^{- •}，这增强了 CNNS 的 ECL 强度。通过电聚合在电极表面形成具有特定识别位点的分子印迹聚合物（MIP）使传感器具有高灵敏度和选择性。利用MIECLS，已经在5×10 ^-9至1×10 ^-4 mol L ^-1的线性范围内实现了HA的灵敏和选择性检测，检测限为1.71×10 ^-9 mol L ^-1。在实际样品分析中，MIECLS 检测结果与HPLC 检测结果一致，表明MIECLS 在快速灵敏测定实际样品中HA 分析方面具有巨大的应用潜力。