The association between airflow obstruction and bronchial dilation has been researched in bronchiectasis. However, the impact of bronchial wall thickening on airflow obstruction has not been thoroughly investigated. This study assessed the underlying mechanism of airflow obstruction in bronchiectasis due to abnormal bronchial wall thickening using oscillometry.

A total of 98 patients with bronchiectasis were retrospectively reviewed. At the time of diagnosis, spirometric and oscillometric parameters, high-resolution computed tomography scores, and clinical characteristics were collected. The bronchial diameter, bronchial wall thickness, and extent of emphysema were evaluated semi-quantitatively. Correlations between patient data and characteristics were analyzed.

Thirty-three patients with airflow obstruction showed higher respiratory resistance, more negative respiratory reactance (Xrs) at 5 Hz (X5), and higher bronchial wall thickness score than those without airflow obstruction. The bronchial wall thickness score negatively affected forced expiration volume in 1 s /forced vital capacity and X5.

Abnormal bronchial wall thickening might make Xrs more negative and progress airflow obstruction in bronchiectasis.

气流阻塞与支气管扩张之间的关系已在支气管扩张中进行了研究。然而，尚未彻底研究支气管壁增厚对气流阻塞的影响。本研究使用示波法评估了支气管扩张中由于支气管壁异常增厚导致气流阻塞的潜在机制。

回顾性分析了98例支气管扩张患者。在诊断时，收集了肺活量和示波参数、高分辨率计算机断层扫描评分和临床特征。半定量评估支气管直径、支气管壁厚度和肺气肿程度。分析了患者数据和特征之间的相关性。

33 名气流阻塞患者的呼吸阻力、5 Hz (X5) 下的负呼吸电抗 (Xrs) 更高，支气管壁厚度评分高于无气流阻塞患者。支气管壁厚度评分对 1 s /用力肺活量和 X5 的用力呼气量产生负面影响。

支气管壁异常增厚可能使 Xrs 更加负面，并在支气管扩张中进展气流阻塞。