Nanoparticle application in microalgae for enhanced lipid production is an ongoing work that leads towards the contribution in biodiesel production. During this decade, metal nanoparticles are constantly being reported to have numerous applications in diverse fields, because of their unique optical, electrical, and magnetic properties. They can interact with the biomolecules of cells and thereby alters cellular metabolisms, which in turn reflects their ability to regulate some primary or secondary metabolic pathways. Nanoparticles derived from metals like Fe, Cu, and Se are taking part in redox processes and their presence in many enzymes may modulate algal metabolisms. Besides by upregulating or downregulating the expression of several genes, nanoparticle exposure can alter gene expressions in many organisms. In microalgae such as Chlorella vulgaris, C. pyrenoidosa, Scenedesmus obliquus, S. rubescens, Trachydiscus minutes, Parachlorella kessleri, and Tetraselmis suecica ; metal NP exposure in different environmental conditions have impacts on various physiological or molecular changes, thereby increasing the growth rate, biomass and lipid production. The present mini-review gives an insight into the various advantages and a future outlook on the application of nanoparticles in microalgae for biofuel production. Also, it can be proposed that nanoparticles could be useful in blocking or deactivating the AGPase enzyme (involved in the glucose to starch conversion pathway), binding to its active site, thereby increasing lipid production in microalgae that could be utilized for enhanced biodiesel production.

纳米颗粒在微藻中用于提高脂质生产是一项正在进行的工作，它对生物柴油生产做出了贡献。在这十年中，不断有报道称金属纳米粒子由于其独特的光学、电学和磁学特性而在不同领域有许多应用。它们可以与细胞的生物分子相互作用，从而改变细胞代谢，这反过来又反映了它们调节一些初级或次级代谢途径的能力。源自 Fe、Cu 和 Se 等金属的纳米颗粒参与氧化还原过程，它们在许多酶中的存在可能会调节藻类代谢。除了通过上调或下调几个基因的表达，纳米粒子暴露可以改变许多生物体的基因表达。在微藻如普通小球藻、C. pyrenoidosa、Scenedesmusobliquus、S.rubescens、Trachydiscus minutes、Parachlorella kessleri和Tetraselmis suecica；不同环境条件下的金属NP暴露会对各种生理或分子变化产生影响，从而增加生长速度、生物量和脂质产量。目前的小型综述深入了解了纳米颗粒在微藻生物燃料生产中的应用的各种优势和未来前景。此外，可以提出纳米颗粒可用于阻断或失活 AGPase 酶（参与葡萄糖到淀粉转化途径），与其活性位点结合，从而增加微藻中的脂质产量，可用于提高生物柴油产量。