Understanding spatial and temporal characteristics of annual and seasonal precipitation variation is vital in watershed development and management. In this study, we investigated the spatial and temporal variation characteristics of precipitation and its structure, the correlations between precipitation and large-scale atmospheric circulations in Shijiazhuang region, North China. We used daily precipitation data from 35 meteorological stations for the period 1955–2015 across Shijiazhuang regions. The results show that the number of annual precipitation days at 73.5% of stations showed an upward trend, but the annual precipitation intensity at more than 91% of stations showed a downward trend, indicating that the annual precipitation reduction trend was mainly due to the decrease in annual precipitation intensity. Annual precipitation was negatively correlated with the East Asian Summer Monsoon Index (EASMI), and the negative correlation showed the characteristic of decreasing from north to south. Annual precipitation was positively correlated with the South Asian summer monsoon index (SASMI), and the positive correlation showed the characteristic of decreasing from southwest to northeast.

了解年度和季节性降水变化的时空特征对于流域开发和管理至关重要。本研究调查了华北石家庄地区降水的时空变化特征及其结构、降水与大尺度大气环流的相关性。我们使用了石家庄地区 1955-2015 年 35 个气象站的日降水数据。结果表明，73.5%的站点年降水日数呈上升趋势，但91%以上站点的年降水强度呈下降趋势，说明年降水量减少的趋势主要是由于在年降水强度方面。年降水量与东亚夏季风指数（EASMI）呈负相关，且呈负相关呈自北向南递减的特征。年降水量与南亚夏季风指数（SASMI）呈正相关，呈正相关呈自西南向东北递减的特征。