A large-scale investigation was conducted on the cadmium (Cd) content in the farmland soils of Guizhou to explore the spatial variation in soil Cd content, identify the main factors responsible for causing Cd pollution, and determine the zonation of Cd pollution. Multivariate statistical analysis, geographic information system (GIS) analysis, and decision tree methods were used to study the distribution, spatial variation, and pollution partitioning of Cd and the factors influencing the Cd accumulation in agricultural soils of the Guizhou province. Areas with high Cd content in agricultural soil were found to be concentrated in the high-altitude areas in the western region of Guizhou province. The results of the single factor pollution index showed that the proportion of sample sites with Cd class I (priority protection), II (security utilization), and III (strict control) in the agricultural soils of Guizhou province were 65.96%, 31.27%, and 2.77%, respectively. In high-altitude areas, the Cd content in the agricultural soils was mainly derived from the soil parent material. In contrast, mining activities and road traffic were the main factors Cd accumulation in agricultural soils in lower altitude areas.

对贵州省农田土壤镉（Cd）含量进行了大规模调查，以探索土壤Cd含量的空间变化，确定造成Cd污染的主要因素，确定Cd污染的分区。采用多元统计分析、地理信息系统（GIS）分析和决策树方法研究了贵州省农业土壤中镉的分布、空间变异和污染分区以及影响镉积累的因素。农业土壤中Cd含量高的地区主要集中在贵州省西部地区的高海拔地区。单因素污染指数结果表明，Cd类Ⅰ类（优先保护）、Ⅱ类（安全利用）的样点比例，贵州省农业土壤中的三级（严格控制）分别为65.96%、31.27%和2.77%。在高海拔地区，农业土壤中的镉含量主要来源于土壤母质。相比之下，采矿活动和道路交通是低海拔地区农业土壤中 Cd 积累的主要因素。