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A simple immunoassay for extracellular vesicle liquid biopsy in microliters of non-processed plasma
bioRxiv - Biochemistry Pub Date : 2021-09-20 , DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.20.461033
Carmen Campos-Silva , Yaiza Caceres-Martell , Estela Sanchez-Herrero , Amaia Sandua Condado , Alexandra Beneitez-Martinez , Alvaro Gonzalez Hernandez , Mariano Provencio , Atocha Romero , Ricardo Jara Acevedo , Maria Yanez-Mo , Mar Vales-Gomez

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by most cell types, provide an excellent source of biomarkers in biological fluids. Here we describe a method that, using just a few microliters of patient’s plasma, identifies tumour markers exposed on EVs. Studying physico-chemical properties of EVs in solution, we demonstrate that they behave as stable colloidal suspensions and therefore, in immunocapture assays, many of them are unable to interact with a stationary functionalised surface. Using flocculation methods, like those used to destabilize colloids, we demonstrate that cationic polymers increase EV ζ-potential, diameter, and sedimentation coefficient and thus, allow a more efficient capture on antibody-coated surfaces by both ELISA and bead-assisted flow cytometry. These findings led to optimization of a protocol in microtiter plates allowing effective immunocapture of EVs, directly in plasma without previous ultracentrifugation or other EV enrichment. The method, easily adaptable to any laboratory, has been validated using plasma from lung cancer patients in which the epithelial cell marker EpCAM has been detected on EVs. This high throughput, easy to automate, technology allows screening of large numbers of patients to phenotype tumour markers in circulating EVs, breaking barriers for the validation of proposed EV biomarkers and the discovery of new ones.

中文翻译:

微升未加工血浆中细胞外囊泡液体活检的简单免疫测定

大多数细胞类型释放的细胞外囊泡 (EV) 为生物体液中的生物标志物提供了极好的来源。在这里,我们描述了一种方法,该方法仅使用几微升患者的血浆,即可识别暴露在 EV 上的肿瘤标志物。研究溶液中 EV 的理化特性,我们证明它们表现为稳定的胶体悬浮液,因此,在免疫捕获测定中,它们中的许多无法与固定的功能化表面相互作用。使用絮凝方法,如那些用于破坏胶体稳定的方法,我们证明阳离子聚合物增加了 EV ζ 电位、直径和沉降系数,因此,允许通过 ELISA 和珠辅助流式细胞术更有效地捕获抗体包被的表面。这些发现导致优化微量滴定板中的协议,允许直接在血浆中有效免疫捕获 EV,无需先前的超速离心或其他 EV 富集。该方法很容易适用于任何实验室,已使用肺癌患者的血浆进行了验证,其中已在 EV 上检测到上皮细胞标记 EpCAM。这种高通量、易于自动化的技术允许对大量患者进行循环 EV 中肿瘤标志物表型的筛选,打破了验证提议的 EV 生物标志物和发现新生物标志物的障碍。已经使用肺癌患者的血浆进行了验证,其中已在 EV 上检测到上皮细胞标志物 EpCAM。这种高通量、易于自动化的技术允许对大量患者进行循环 EV 中肿瘤标志物表型的筛选,打破了验证提议的 EV 生物标志物和发现新生物标志物的障碍。已经使用肺癌患者的血浆进行了验证,其中已在 EV 上检测到上皮细胞标志物 EpCAM。这种高通量、易于自动化的技术允许对大量患者进行循环 EV 中肿瘤标志物表型的筛选,打破了验证提议的 EV 生物标志物和发现新生物标志物的障碍。
更新日期:2021-09-22
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