Authoritarians are back: Demanding the restoration of community against formalized society and of tradition against the stranger; asking for strong states enforcing law and order, closing borders, preventing dark men from threatening white women; defending traditional family models against individualism and gender-pluralism; claiming to represent “the people.” Today many denounce them as “Fascists!”. This article tries to conceptually capture the recent developments in two countries, France and Germany. In both cases, a diachronic comparison seems tempting. Are the '30s ahead of us? What is the extent and what is the impact of the fascist legacy today? The comparison in this article is based on Mann's book “Fascists” (2004). The paper argues that while the current far-right cannot be considered fascist anymore and resembles interwar fascism only remotely, we have to consider it post-fascist. If interwar fascism is largely explicable out of a context of multilevel crises to which it provided answers that many found convincing, I conclude that the current strength of the German and French far-right does happen in a rather moderate crisis context to which it provides some answers.

中文翻译：

---

后法西斯：将所谓的“民粹右翼”置于历史视野

威权主义卷土重来：要求恢复社区对抗正式社会，恢复传统对抗陌生人；要求强大的国家执行法律和秩序，关闭边界，防止黑人威胁白人女性；捍卫传统的家庭模式，反对个人主义和性别多元化；声称代表“人民”。今天，许多人谴责他们为“法西斯分子！”。本文试图从概念上捕捉法国和德国这两个国家的最新发展。在这两种情况下，历时比较似乎很诱人。30 年代在我们前面吗？今天法西斯遗产的范围和影响是什么？本文中的比较基于 Mann 的著作《Fascists》（2004 年）。该论文认为，虽然当前的极右翼不能再被视为法西斯主义，而且与两次世界大战之间的法西斯主义有些相似，但我们必须将其视为后法西斯主义。如果两次世界大战之间的法西斯主义在很大程度上可以在多层次危机的背景下得到解释，它提供了许多人认为令人信服的答案，那么我得出的结论是，德国和法国极右翼的当前力量确实发生在一个相当温和的危机背景下，它提供了一些答案。