Unsteady aerodynamic loads have a significant influence on the running safety of a train in crosswinds. Full-scale tests were carried out to measure the pressure on a fast streamlined train in crosswinds, and the unsteady aerodynamic loads were obtained by the discrete integration of the pressure to assess the influence of different crosswinds on the loads. The maximum wind speed was 34.0 m/s in the full-scale tests, and the maximum turbulence intensity was 0.202. The means and fluctuations of the side force coefficient, lift coefficient, and rolling moment coefficient around the lee rail at different yaw angles were studied. The means first increased and then decreased with the increase in the yaw angle, and the maximum values occurred in the range of 54.5°–59.6°. The coefficients of variation of the aerodynamic load coefficients were approximately twice the turbulence intensity, which indicated that the fluctuations of the aerodynamic load coefficients were due to the oscillations of the wind speed. For the frequency characteristics of the aerodynamic load coefficients, the most dominant frequencies were at Strouhal numbers of 0–0.4.

非定常气动载荷对列车在侧风中的运行安全有重要影响。对快速流线型列车在侧风下的压力进行了全尺寸测试，通过压力的离散积分获得非定常气动载荷，以评估不同侧风对载荷的影响。全尺度试验最大风速为34.0 m/s，最大湍流强度为0.202。研究了不同偏航角下背轨周围侧力系数、升力系数和横摇力矩系数的均值和波动。均值随着偏航角的增大先增大后减小，最大值出现在54.5°～59.6°范围内。气动载荷系数的变异系数约为湍流强度的两倍，说明气动载荷系数的波动是由风速的振荡引起的。对于气动载荷系数的频率特性，最主要的频率是 Strouhal 数为 0-0.4。