The prevalence of child sexual abuse (CSA) is difficult to assess, and rates vary widely across studies due to methodological and sample differences. In Spain, prevalence data from representative samples are lacking. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of different CSA experiences in a sample that was representative of the Spanish population in terms of gender, age, and region. The sample comprised 1,071 (539 male and 532 female) Spanish adults (M_age = 45.37; SD = 14.84). Participants completed an anonymous online survey about different types of CSA and were asked whether they had disclosed the experience at the time. Prevalence was analyzed as a function of gender and generation. Results indicated prevalence rates ranging from 2.8% to 18.5%, depending on the type of experience. The most common experience suffered during childhood was being shown pornographic material, while that with the lowest prevalence was being forced to perform a sexual act involving penetration. Prevalence was higher in females than males for eight of the ten experiences considered. Young adults from Generation Z were the most likely to report having suffered three of the CSA experiences, two of them related to technology. Only 27.5% of respondents said that they had told someone about the abuse at the time, mainly their mother (more common among females) or a friend/peer (more frequent among males). The results suggest that CSA is prevalent in Spain, with considerable rates for several types of abusive experience, especially among females and the youngest generation. The implications of the results are discussed. The findings may inform social policy and the development of effective prevention programs.

儿童性虐待 (CSA) 的发生率很难评估，而且由于方法和样本的差异，不同研究的发生率差异很大。在西班牙，缺乏代表性样本的流行率数据。本研究的目的是确定在性别、年龄和地区方面代表西班牙人口的样本中不同 CSA 经历的流行程度。样本包括 1,071 名（539 名男性和 532 名女性）西班牙成年人（M_年龄= 45.37；SD= 14.84）。参与者完成了一项关于不同类型 CSA 的匿名在线调查，并被问及他们当时是否披露了这些经历。患病率被分析为性别和世代的函数。结果表明，患病率从 2.8% 到 18.5% 不等，具体取决于体验类型。童年时期最常见的经历是观看色情内容，而发生率最低的是被迫进行涉及插入的性行为。在所考虑的十种经历中，有八种经历在女性中的流行率高于男性。Z 世代的年轻人最有可能报告遭受过三种 CSA 经历，其中两种与技术有关。只有 27.5% 的受访者表示他们当时曾将虐待的事情告诉过别人，主要是他们的母亲（在女性中更常见）或朋友/同伴（在男性中更常见）。结果表明，CSA 在西班牙很普遍，几种类型的虐待经历比例相当高，尤其是在女性和最年轻的一代中。讨论了结果的含义。这些发现可能会为社会政策和有效预防计划的制定提供信息。