Wucai (Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. rosularis Tsen) is a cold-tolerant plant that is vulnerable to high temperature. This study explored the response mechanism of wucai to low temperature. In this study, wucai seedlings were treated with different temperatures, including low temperature (LT), high temperature (HT), and a control. According to transcriptomics analysis, the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in HT and LT was 10,702 and 7267, respectively, compared with the control. The key genes associated with the physiological response of wucai to the treatments were analyzed. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology annotations indicated the importance of the photosynthesis and photosynthetic-antenna protein pathways. We found that a high-temperature environment greatly inhibited the expression of important genes in the photosynthetic pathway (BrLhc superfamily members, PsaD, PsaE, PsaD, PsaD, PsbO, PsbP, PsbQ, PsbR, PsbS, PsbW, PsbY, Psb27, and Psb28), whereas low temperature resulted in the expression of certain key genes (BrLhc superfamily members, Psa F, Psa H, Psb S, Psb H, Psb 28). In addition, the wucai seedlings exhibited better photosynthetic performance under low-temperature conditions than high-temperature conditions. Based on the above results, we speculate that upon exposure to low temperature, the plants developed higher cold tolerance by upregulating the expression of genes related to photosynthesis. Conversely, high-temperature stress inhibited the expression of pivotal genes and weakened the self-regulating ability of the plants.

中文翻译：

---

转录分析揭示了五彩（Brassica campestris L.）温度胁迫期间基因调控和信号转导途径的变化

五彩（Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis var. rosularis Tsen）是一种耐寒植物，易受高温影响。本研究探讨了五彩对低温的响应机制。在这项研究中，五彩幼苗经过不同温度处理，包括低温 (LT)、高温 (HT) 和对照。根据转录组学分析，与对照相比，HT 和 LT 中差异表达基因 (DEG) 的数量分别为 10,702 和 7267。分析了与五彩对治疗的生理反应相关的关键基因。京都基因和基因组百科全书和基因本体论注释指出了光合作用和光合-天线蛋白途径的重要性。我们发现高温环境极大地抑制了光合途径中重要基因（BrLhc 超家族成员、PsaD、PsaE、PsaD、PsaD、PsbO、PsbP、PsbQ、PsbR、PsbS、PsbW、PsbY、Psb27 和 Psb28）的表达)，而低温导致某些关键基因（BrLhc 超家族成员、Psa F、Psa H、Psb S、Psb H、Psb 28）的表达。此外，五彩幼苗在低温条件下比高温条件下表现出更好的光合性能。基于上述结果，我们推测在暴露于低温时，植物通过上调光合作用相关基因的表达而产生更高的耐寒性。相反，高温胁迫抑制了关键基因的表达，削弱了植物的自我调节能力。