Monolingual and bilingual participants performed a Proactive Interference task in verbal and nonverbal conditions while EEG was recorded. Behavioral results showed faster responses for bilinguals on interference trials in the nonverbal condition, and electrophysiological results indicated greater attentional control for bilinguals. ROI analyses showed this pattern for bilinguals mainly in the verbal condition, whereas whole brain analyses found this association in both conditions. Frequency power analysis found activity related to interference trials was associated with recruitment of different neural resources for verbal and nonverbal conditions. Nonverbal results indicated beta activity for interference trials in bilinguals and the verbal condition showed this pattern in theta and gamma frequency bands as well, revealing more extensive brain activation in the verbal domain for bilinguals. For monolinguals, frequency power in beta, gamma, and theta were related to facilitation trials. These results suggest different strategies for allocating attention by monolingual and bilingual young adults.

单语和双语参与者在记录 EEG 的同时，在语言和非语言条件下执行主动干扰任务。行为结果显示双语者在非语言条件下的干扰试验中反应更快，电生理结果表明双语者的注意力控制更好。ROI 分析显示双语者的这种模式主要在语言条件下，而全脑分析在两种条件下都发现了这种关联。频率功率分析发现，与干扰试验相关的活动与针对语言和非语言条件的不同神经资源的募集有关。非语言结果表明双语者干扰试验的 beta 活动和语言条件在 theta 和 gamma 频带中也显示出这种模式，揭示了双语者在语言领域更广泛的大脑激活。对于单语者，beta、gamma 和 theta 中的频率功率与促进试验有关。这些结果提出了不同的策略来分配单语和双语年轻人的注意力。